Testicular involvement of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adolescents: Diagnosis, biology, and management.

ABSTRACT: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children and adolescents can involve the testes at diagnosis or upon relapse. The testes were long considered pharmacologic sanctuary sites, presumably because of the blood-testis barrier, which prevents the entry of large-molecular-weight compounds into the seminiferous tubule. Patients with testicular involvement were historically treated with testicular irradiation or orchiectomy. With the advent of contemporary intensive chemotherapy, including high-dose methotrexate, vincristine/glucocorticoid pulses, and cyclophosphamide, testicular leukemia present at diagnosis can be eradicated, with the risk of testicular relapse being 2% or lower. However, the management of testicular leukemia is not well described in the recent literature and remains relevan

SUBMITTER: Nguyen HTK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9677247 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature