The Human Myofibroblast Marker Xylosyltransferase-I: A New Indicator for Macrophage Polarization.

ABSTRACT: Chronic inflammation and excessive synthesis of extracellular matrix components, such as proteoglycans (PG), by fibroblast- or macrophage-derived myofibroblasts are the hallmarks of fibrotic diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). Human xylosyltransferase-I (XT-I), which is encoded by the gene XYLT1, is the key enzyme that is involved in PG biosynthesis. Increased cellular XYLT1 expression and serum XT-I activity were measured in SSc. Nothing is known so far about the regulation of XT-I in immune cells, and their contribution to the increase in measurable serum XT-I activity. We utilized an in vitro model, with primary human CD14⁺CD16⁺ monocyte-derived macrophages (MΦ), in order to investigate the role of macrophage polarization on XT-I regulation.

SUBMITTER: Ly TD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9687871 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature