Dataset Information

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Entemnotrochus rumphii, a Living Fossil for Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda).

ABSTRACT: Pleurotomarioidea represents a truly isolated and basally diverging lineage in Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda) whose fossil record can date back to the late Cambrian, thus providing rare insights into the evolutionary history of molluscs. Here, we sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genome of one representative species from Pleurotomarioidea-Entemnotrochus rumphii (Schepman, 1879)-of which the mitogenome is 15,795 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. The nucleotide composition was biased toward AT, and A + T content reached 65.2%. E. rumphii was recovered as sister to all other living vetigastropods according to mitogenome-based phylogenetic analysis. The mitochondrial gene order was consistent with major vetigastropods and the hypothetical ancestral gastropoda, suggesting the deep conservation of mitogenome arrangement in Vetigastropoda.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9690427 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Entemnotrochus rumphii</i>, a Living Fossil for Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda).

Wang Yunan Y Ma Peizhen P Zhang Zhen Z Li Cui C Liu Yumeng Y Chen Ya Y Wang Jiahui J Wang Haiyan H Song Hao H

Genes 20221107 11

Pleurotomarioidea represents a truly isolated and basally diverging lineage in Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda) whose fossil record can date back to the late Cambrian, thus providing rare insights into the evolutionary history of molluscs. Here, we sequenced and assembled the complete mitochondrial genome of one representative species from Pleurotomarioidea-<i>Entemnotrochus rumphii</i> (Schepman, 1879)-of which the mitogenome is 15,795 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, two r ...[more]

PMID: 36360297

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Project description:BackgroundReconstructing the higher relationships of pulmonate gastropods has been difficult. The use of morphology is problematic due to high homoplasy. Molecular studies have suffered from low taxon sampling. Forty-eight complete mitochondrial genomes are available for gastropods, ten of which are pulmonates. Here are presented the new complete mitochondrial genomes of the ten following species of pulmonates: Salinator rhamphidia (Amphiboloidea); Auriculinella bidentata, Myosotella myosotis, Ovatella vulcani, and Pedipes pedipes (Ellobiidae); Peronia peronii (Onchidiidae); Siphonaria gigas (Siphonariidae); Succinea putris (Stylommatophora); Trimusculus reticulatus (Trimusculidae); and Rhopalocaulis grandidieri (Veronicellidae). Also, 94 new pulmonate-specific primers across the entire mitochondrial genome are provided, which were designed for amplifying entire mitochondrial genomes through short reactions and closing gaps after shotgun sequencing.ResultsThe structural features of the 10 new mitochondrial genomes are provided. All genomes share similar gene orders. Phylogenetic analyses were performed including the 10 new genomes and 17 genomes from Genbank (outgroups, opisthobranchs, and other pulmonates). Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses, based on the concatenated amino-acid sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes, produced the same topology. The pulmonates are paraphyletic and basal to the opisthobranchs that are monophyletic at the tip of the tree. Siphonaria, traditionally regarded as a basal pulmonate, is nested within opisthobranchs. Pyramidella, traditionally regarded as a basal (non-euthyneuran) heterobranch, is nested within pulmonates. Several hypotheses are rejected, such as the Systellommatophora, Geophila, and Eupulmonata. The Ellobiidae is polyphyletic, but the false limpet Trimusculus reticulatus is closely related to some ellobiids.ConclusionsDespite recent efforts for increasing the taxon sampling in euthyneuran (opisthobranchs and pulmonates) molecular phylogenies, several of the deeper nodes are still uncertain, because of low support values as well as some incongruence between analyses based on complete mitochondrial genomes and those based on individual genes (18S, 28S, 16S, CO1). Additional complete genomes are needed for pulmonates (especially for Williamia, Otina, and Smeagol), as well as basal heterobranchs closely related to euthyneurans. Increasing the number of markers for gastropod (and more broadly mollusk) phylogenetics also is necessary in order to resolve some of the deeper nodes -although clearly not an easy task. Step by step, however, new relationships are being unveiled, such as the close relationships between the false limpet Trimusculus and ellobiids, the nesting of pyramidelloids within pulmonates, and the close relationships of Siphonaria to sacoglossan opisthobranchs. The additional genomes presented here show that some species share an identical mitochondrial gene order due to convergence.

Dataset Information

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Entemnotrochus rumphii, a Living Fossil for Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda).

Publications

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Entemnotrochus rumphii</i>, a Living Fossil for Vetigastropoda (Mollusca: Gastropoda).

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