GmRmd1 encodes a TIR-NBS-BSP protein and confers resistance to powdery mildew in soybean.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Xian P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9700122 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
GmRmd1 encodes a TIR-NBS-BSP protein and confers resistance to powdery mildew in soybean.
Xian Peiqi P Cai Zhandong Z Jiang Bingzhi B Xia Qiuju Q Cheng Yanbo Y Yang Yuan Y Zhou Qianghua Q Lian Tengxiang T Ma Qibin Q Wang Yingxiang Y Ge Liangfa L Nian Hai H
Plant communications 20220811 6
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10951266 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Many disease resistance genes have been introgressed into wheat from its wild relatives. However, reduced recombination within the introgressed segments hinders the cloning of the introgressed genes. Here, we have cloned the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13, which is introgressed into wheat from Aegilops longissima, using a method that combines physical mapping with radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations and transcriptome sequencing analysis of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced loss-of-function mutants. Pm13 encodes a kinase fusion protein, designated MLKL-K, with an N-terminal domain of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL_NTD domain) and a C-terminal serine/threonine kinase domain bridged by a brace. The resistance function of Pm13 is validated through transient and stable transgenic complementation assays. Transient over-expression analyses in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and wheat protoplasts reveal that the fragment Brace-Kinase122-476 of MLKL-K is capable of inducing cell death, which is dependent on a functional kinase domain and the three α-helices in the brace region close to the N-terminus of the kinase domain.
| S-EPMC11297308 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21, located on the chromosome 6V short arm of Haynaldia villosa and transferred to wheat as a 6VS·6AL translocation (T6VS·6AL), confers durable and broad-spectrum resistance to wheat powdery mildew. Pm21 has become a key gene resource for powdery mildew resistance breeding all over the world. In China, 12 wheat varieties containing Pm21 have been planted on more than 3.4 million hectares since 2002. Pm21 has been intractable to molecular genetic mapping because the 6VS does not pair and recombine with the 6AS. Moreover, all known accessions of H. villosa are immune to powdery mildew fungus. Pm21 is still defined by cytogenetics as a locus. In the present study, a putative serine and threonine protein kinase gene Stpk-V was cloned and characterized with an integrative strategy of molecular and cytogenetic techniques. Stpk-V is located on the Pm21 locus. The results of a single cell transient expression assay showed that Stpk-V could decrease the haustorium index dramatically. After the Stpk-V was transformed into a susceptible wheat variety Yangmai158, the characterized transgenic plants showed high and broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance similar to T6VS·6AL. Silencing of the Stpk-V by virus-induced gene silencing in both T6VS·6AL and H. villosa resulted in their increased susceptibility. Stpk-V could be induced by Bgt and exogenous H(2)O(2), but it also mediated the increase of endogenous H(2)O(2), leading to cell death and plant resistance when the plant was attacked by Bgt.
| S-EPMC3093467 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the world. Host resistance is considered the most sustainable way to control this disease. Powdery mildew resistance gene Pm2b was mapped to the same genetic interval with Pm2a and PmCH1357 cloned previously, but showed different resistance spectra from them, indicating that they might be caused by different resistance genes or alleles. In this study, Pm2b was delimited to a 1.64 Mb physical interval using a large segregating population containing 4,354 F2:3 families of resistant parent KM2939 and susceptible cultivar Shimai 15. In this interval, TraesCS5D03G0111700 encoding the coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat protein (CC-NBS-LRR) was determined as the candidate gene of Pm2b. Silencing by barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) technology and two independent mutants analysis in KM2939 confirmed the candidate gene TraesCS5D03G0111700 was Pm2b. The sequence of Pm2b was consistent with Pm2a/PmCH1357. Subcellular localization showed Pm2b was located on the cell nucleus and plasma membrane. Pm2b had the highest expression level in leaves and was rapidly up-regulated after inoculating with Bgt isolate E09. The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and luciferase complementation imaging assays (LCI) showed that PM2b could self-associate through the NB domain. Notably, we identified PM2b interacting with the transcription factor TaWRKY76-D, which depended on the NB domain of PM2b and WRKY domain of TaWRKY76-D. TaWRKY76-D negatively regulated the resistance to powdery mildew in wheat. The specific KASP marker K529 could take the advantage of high-throughput and high-efficiency for detecting Pm2b and be useful in molecular marker assisted-selection breeding. In conclusion, cloning and disease resistance mechanism analysis of Pm2b provided an example to emphasize a need of the molecular isolation of resistance genes, which has implications in marker assisted wheat breeding.
| S-EPMC9644048 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Wheat blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens global cereal production since its emergence in Brazil in 1985 and recently spread to Bangladesh and Zambia. Here we demonstrate that the AVR-Rmg8 effector, common in wheat-infecting isolates, is recognized by the gene Pm4, previously shown to confer resistance to specific races of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, the cause of powdery mildew of wheat. We show that Pm4 alleles differ in their recognition of different AVR-Rmg8 alleles, and some confer resistance only in seedling leaves but not spikes, making it important to select for those alleles that function in both tissues. This study has identified a gene recognizing an important virulence factor present in wheat blast isolates in Bangladesh and Zambia and represents an important first step towards developing durably resistant wheat cultivars for these regions.
| S-EPMC11208137 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a major threat to the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum). It is of great importance to identify new resistance genes for the generation of Bgt-resistant or Bgt-tolerant wheat varieties. Here, we show that the wheat copine genes TaBON1 and TaBON3 negatively regulate wheat disease resistance to Bgt. Two copies of TaBON1 and three copies of TaBON3, located on chromosomes 6AS, 6BL, 1AL, 1BL and 1DL, respectively, were identified from the current common wheat genome sequences. The expression of TaBON1 and TaBON3 is responsive to both pathogen infection and temperature changes. Knocking down of TaBON1 or TaBON3 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) induces the up-regulation of defence responses in wheat. These TaBON1- or TaBON3-silenced plants exhibit enhanced wheat disease resistance to Bgt, accompanied by greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and heightened cell death. In addition, high temperature has little effect on the up-regulation of defence response genes conferred by the silencing of TaBON1 or TaBON3. Our study shows a conserved function of plant copine genes in plant immunity and provides new genetic resources for the improvement of resistance to powdery mildew in wheat.
| S-EPMC6638117 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9616516 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Powdery mildew (PMD), caused by the pathogen Microsphaera diffusa, leads to substantial yield decreases in susceptible soybean under favorable environmental conditions. Effective prevention of soybean PMD damage can be achieved by identifying resistance genes and developing resistant cultivars. In this study, we genotyped 331 soybean germplasm accessions, primarily from Northeast China, using the SoySNP50K BeadChip, and evaluated their resistance to PMD in a greenhouse setting. To identify marker-trait associations while effectively controlling for population structure, we conducted genome-wide association studies utilizing factored spectrally transformed linear mixed models, mixed linear models, efficient mixed-model association eXpedited, and compressed mixed linear models. The results revealed seven single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci strongly associated with PMD resistance in soybean. Among these, one SNP was localized on chromosome (Chr) 14, and six SNPs with low linkage disequilibrium were localized near or in the region of previously mapped genes on Chr 16. In the reference genome of Williams82, we discovered 96 genes within the candidate region, including 17 resistance (R)-like genes, which were identified as potential candidate genes for PMD resistance. In addition, we performed quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis to evaluate the gene expression levels in highly resistant and susceptible genotypes, focusing on leaf tissues collected at different times after M. diffusa inoculation. Among the examined genes, three R-like genes, including Glyma.16G210800, Glyma.16G212300, and Glyma.16G213900, were identified as strong candidates associated with PMD resistance. This discovery can significantly enhance our understanding of soybean resistance to PMD. Furthermore, the significant SNPs strongly associated with resistance can serve as valuable markers for genetic improvement in breeding M. diffusa-resistant soybean cultivars.
| S-EPMC10651740 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Grape powdery mildew is caused by the North American native pathogen Erysiphe necator. Eurasian Vitis vinifera varieties were all believed to be susceptible. REN1 is the first resistance gene naturally found in cultivated plants of Vitis vinifera. RESULTS: REN1 is present in 'Kishmish vatkana' and 'Dzhandzhal kara', two grapevines documented in Central Asia since the 1920's. These cultivars have a second-degree relationship (half sibs, grandparent-grandchild, or avuncular), and share by descent the chromosome on which the resistance allele REN1 is located. The REN1 interval was restricted to 1.4 cM using 38 SSR markers distributed across the locus and the segregation of the resistance phenotype in two progenies of collectively 461 offspring, derived from either resistant parent. The boundary markers delimit a 1.4-Mbp sequence in the PN40024 reference genome, which contains 27 genes with known functions, 2 full-length coiled-coil NBS-LRR genes, and 9 NBS-LRR pseudogenes. In the REN1 locus of PN40024, NBS genes have proliferated through a mixture of segmental duplications, tandem gene duplications, and intragenic recombination between paralogues, indicating that the REN1 locus has been inherently prone to producing genetic variation. Three SSR markers co-segregate with REN1, the outer ones confining the 908-kb array of NBS-LRR genes. Kinship and clustering analyses based on genetic distances with susceptible cultivars representative of Central Asian Vitis vinifera indicated that 'Kishmish vatkana' and 'Dzhandzhal kara' fit well into local germplasm. 'Kishmish vatkana' also has a parent-offspring relationship with the seedless table grape 'Sultanina'. In addition, the distant genetic relatedness to rootstocks, some of which are derived from North American species resistant to powdery mildew and have been used worldwide to guard against phylloxera since the late 1800's, argues against REN1 being infused into Vitis vinifera from a recent interspecific hybridisation. CONCLUSION: The REN1 gene resides in an NBS-LRR gene cluster tightly delimited by two flanking SSR markers, which can assist in the selection of this DNA block in breeding between Vitis vinifera cultivars. The REN1 locus has multiple layers of structural complexity compared with its two closely related paralogous NBS clusters, which are located some 5 Mbp upstream and 4 Mbp downstream of the REN1 interval on the same chromosome.
| S-EPMC2814809 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Rye (Secale cereale), a valuable relative of wheat, contains abundant powdery mildew resistance (Pm) genes. Using physical mapping, transcriptome sequencing, barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing, ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis, and stable transformation, we isolated and validated two coiled-coil, nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) alleles, PmTR1 and PmTR3, located on rye chromosome 6RS from different triticale lines. PmTR1 confers age-related resistance starting from the three-leaf stage, whereas its allele, PmTR3, confers typical all-stage resistance, which may be associated with their differential gene expression patterns. Overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that the CC, CC-NBS, and CC-LRR fragments of PMTR1 induce cell death, whereas in PMTR3 the CC and full-length fragments perform this function. Luciferase complementation imaging and pull-down assays revealed distinct interaction activities between the CC and NBS fragments. Our study elucidates two novel rye-derived Pm genes and their derivative germplasm resources and provides novel insights into the mechanism of age-related resistance, which can aid the improvement of resistance against wheat powdery mildew.
| S-EPMC10754004 | biostudies-literature