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Discovery of LaAlO₃ as an efficient catalyst for two-electron water electrolysis towards hydrogen peroxide.

ABSTRACT: Electrochemical two-electron water oxidation reaction (2e-WOR) has drawn significant attention as a promising process to achieve the continuous on-site production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). However, compared to the cathodic H₂O₂ generation, the anodic 2e-WOR is more challenging to establish catalysts due to the severe oxidizing environment. In this study, we combine density functional theory (DFT) calculations with experiments to discover a stable and efficient perovskite catalyst for the anodic 2e-WOR. Our theoretical screening efforts identify LaAlO₃ perovskite as a stable, active, and selective candidate for catalyzing 2e-WOR. Our experimental results verify that LaAlO₃ achieves an overpotential of 510 mV at 10 mA cm^-2 in 4 M K₂CO₃/KHCO₃, lower than those of many reported metal oxide catalysts. In addition, LaAlO₃ maintains a stable H₂O₂ Faradaic efficiency with only a 3% decrease after 3 h at 2.7 V vs. RHE. This computation-experiment synergistic approach introduces another effective direction to discover promising catalysts for the harsh anodic 2e-WOR towards H₂O₂.

SUBMITTER: Baek J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9700689 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Discovery of LaAlO3 as an efficient catalyst for two-electron water electrolysis towards hydrogen peroxide.

Baek Jihyun J Jin Qiu Q Johnson Nathan Scott NS Jiang Yue Y Ning Rui R Mehta Apurva A Siahrostami Samira S Zheng Xiaolin X

Nature communications 20221125 1

Electrochemical two-electron water oxidation reaction (2e-WOR) has drawn significant attention as a promising process to achieve the continuous on-site production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, compared to the cathodic H2O2 generation, the anodic 2e-WOR is more challenging to establish catalysts due to the severe oxidizing environment. In this study, we combine density functional theory (DFT) calculations with experiments to discover a stable an ...[more]

PMID: 36433962

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Project description:The recent interest in the production of green hydrogen through water electrolysis is hampered by its high cost when compared to steam methane reforming. To overcome this disadvantage, some studies explore replacing oxygen production with hydrogen peroxide at the anode, which has a higher value. Existing electrocatalysis research primarily focuses on hydrogen peroxide synthesis, neglecting process design and separation. Additionally, hydrogen peroxide's thermodynamic instability in alkaline conditions and the existence of other ions make the separation difficult. This paper proposes a novel concept for the paired water electrolysis process that can be used to improve green hydrogen production economics through valuable chemical coproductions. Valorizing hydrogen peroxide to sodium percarbonate as the final product was chosen to address hydrogen peroxide separation challenges. An electrolyzer stack of 2 MW was chosen, incorporating a recirculating structure, and a boron-doped diamond anode to enhance the hydrogen peroxide production as the base case. According to the techno-economic analysis, for a 2 MW electrolyzer stack, capital expenditure was calculated as 64.5 M€, operational expenses as 21.6 M€, and revenue was calculated as 2.5 M€, resulting in a negative cash flow of -19.1 M€. Results revealed that the process can be profitable (breakeven point) at a capacity of approximately 308 electrolyzer stacks, which is 616 MW in capacity. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine how cost drivers including electricity price, anode price, Faradaic efficiency, price of the products and tax subsidy affect the breakeven point. A breakeven point of 60 electrolyzer stacks (120 MW) was found with a 100% increase in the sodium percarbonate sale price. In comparison, a theoretical 100% Faradaic efficiency in the anode material would result in a breakeven point of 38 electrolyzer stacks (76 MW). Even a more realistic 75% Faradaic efficiency leads to a breakeven plant size of 75 stacks (150 MW). Further, multiple two-parameter sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the relations between Faradaic efficiency, sodium percarbonate sale price and anode material price. For instance, if sodium percarbonate price increases by 100% and Faradaic efficiency increases to 75%, the breakeven capacity drops down to 13 stacks (26 MW). Despite facing economic challenges for the proposed process design based on available technologies, the techno-economic analysis highlights key targets for future works. It also provides valuable insights into the economic feasibility of simultaneously producing hydrogen and sodium percarbonate through water electrolysis, indicating promising potential for the future.

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Discovery of LaAlO₃ as an efficient catalyst for two-electron water electrolysis towards hydrogen peroxide.

Publications

Discovery of LaAlO<sub>3</sub> as an efficient catalyst for two-electron water electrolysis towards hydrogen peroxide.

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