Dataset Information

The impacts of vaccination status and host factors during early infection on SARS-CoV-2 persistence:a retrospective single-center cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Viral persistence is a crucial factor that influences the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. However, the impacts of vaccination and physiological variables on viral persistence have not been adequately clarified.

Methods

We collected the clinical records of 377 COVID-19 patients, which contained unvaccinated patients and patients received two doses of an inactivated vaccine or an mRNA vaccine. The impacts of vaccination on disease severity and viral persistence and the correlations between 49 laboratory variables and viral persistence were analyzed separately. Finally, we established a multivariate regression model to predict the persistence of viral RNA.

Results

Both inactivated and mRNA vaccines significantly reduced the rate of moderate cases, while the vaccine related shortening of viral RNA persistence was only observed in moderate patients. Correlation analysis showed that 10 significant laboratory variables were shared by the unvaccinated mild patients and mild patients inoculated with an inactivated vaccine, but not by the mild patients inoculated with an mRNA vaccine. A multivariate regression model established based on the variables correlating with viral persistence in unvaccinated mild patients could predict the persistence of viral RNA for all patients except three moderate patients inoculated with an mRNA vaccine.

Conclusion

Vaccination contributed limitedly to the clearance of viral RNA in COVID-19 patients. While, laboratory variables in early infection could predict the persistence of viral RNA.

SUBMITTER: Tian X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9708622 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The impacts of vaccination status and host factors during early infection on SARS-CoV-2 persistence:a retrospective single-center cohort study.

Tian Xiangxiang X Zhang Yifan Y Wang Wanhai W Fang Fang F Zhang Wenhong W Zhu Zhaoqin Z Wan Yanmin Y

International immunopharmacology 20221130

<h4>Background</h4>Viral persistence is a crucial factor that influences the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. However, the impacts of vaccination and physiological variables on viral persistence have not been adequately clarified.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected the clinical records of 377 COVID-19 patients, which contained unvaccinated patients and patients received two doses of an inactivated vaccine or an mRNA vaccine. The impacts of vaccination on disease severity and viral persistence and the co ...[more]

PMID: 36476489

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Project description:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection kinetics in a real-world, clinical setting represent a knowledge gap in understanding the underlying coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis. There are scant reports of the dynamics describing the two principal components of the viral life cycle, namely, the rapid proliferation and slower clearance phases. Here, we present results from an ongoing workplace clinical surveillance study during which two vaccinated participants became infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1. lineage). The subjects were followed longitudinally with high temporal resolution, allowing the kinetics of both viral phases to be characterized. The viral doubling times in the proliferation phase (3.3 to 3.5 h) and maximum measured viral loads were similar to those observed for unvaccinated individuals infected with an earlier SARS-CoV-2 strain. However, the clearance phase was much shorter in the current study and unexpectedly displayed a multimodal profile. Longitudinal whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing identified a stable mutation that arose in one of the participants over the 2-week period of positivity. Our small study provides rare insight into the clinical SARS-CoV-2 dynamics, with significance for public health measures and the biology underlying COVID-19. IMPORTANCE We are conducting an ongoing SARS-CoV-2 workplace clinical study based on frequent, longitudinal disease surveillance of staff and household members. Here, we investigated the viral dynamics in two recently vaccinated participants who became infected with the same Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Because the subjects were enrolled in our study, we were able to track the entire viral life cycle with high temporal resolution, with samples collected every 12 h. Surprisingly, the short viral proliferation phase and maximum viral loads in nasal swab samples were similar to our previous observations with unvaccinated participants and an earlier viral strain. However, the decay phase, indicative of viral clearance, was much shorter here. Our results provide a rare, real-world glimpse of the clinical SARS-CoV-2 replication kinetics, potentially impacting immediate therapies and awareness of earlier and greater transmission potential.

Dataset Information

The impacts of vaccination status and host factors during early infection on SARS-CoV-2 persistence:a retrospective single-center cohort study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The impacts of vaccination status and host factors during early infection on SARS-CoV-2 persistence:a retrospective single-center cohort study.

Similar Datasets

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