Association of adverse pregnancy outcomes and multiple gestation with natural menopause: A population-based cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and early menopause are each associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); whether APOs are associated with age at menopause is unclear. We examined the association of gestational diabetes (GDM), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), preterm birth, and multiple gestation with age at natural menopause.

Study design

Observational, prospective study within the Nurses' Health Study II cohort (1989-2019).

Main outcomes measures

Risk of early natural menopause, defined as occurring before the age of 45 years, and age at onset of natural menopause (hazard ratio (HR) >1 indicates younger age at menopause).

Results

The mean [SD] baseline age of 69,880 parous participants was 34.5 [4.7] years. Compared wi

SUBMITTER: Langton CR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9712230 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature