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Strive or thrive: Trends in Phytophthora capsici gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

ABSTRACT: Partial resistance in plants generally exerts a low selective pressure on pathogens, and thus ensuring their durability in agrosystems. However, little is known about the effect of partial resistance on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity, a knowledge that could advance plant breeding for sustainable plant health. Here we investigate the gene expression of Phytophthora capsici during infection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), where only partial genetic resistance is reported, using Illumina RNA-seq. Comparison of transcriptomes of P. capsici infecting susceptible and partially resistant peppers identified a small number of genes that redirected its own resources into lipid biosynthesis to subsist on partially resistant plants. The adapted and non-adapted isolates of P. capsici differed in expression of genes involved in nucleic acid synthesis and transporters. Transient ectopic expression of the RxLR effector genes CUST_2407 and CUST_16519 in pepper lines differing in resistance levels revealed specific host-isolate interactions that either triggered local necrotic lesions (hypersensitive response or HR) or elicited leave abscission (extreme resistance or ER), preventing the spread of the pathogen to healthy tissue. Although these effectors did not unequivocally explain the quantitative host resistance, our findings highlight the importance of plant genes limiting nutrient resources to select pepper cultivars with sustainable resistance to P. capsici.

SUBMITTER: Maillot G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9721114 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Strive or thrive: Trends in Phytophthora capsici gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

Maillot Gaëtan G Szadkowski Emmanuel E Massire Anne A Brunaud Véronique V Rigaill Guillem G Caromel Bernard B Chadœuf Joël J Bachellez Alexandre A Touhami Nasradin N Hein Ingo I Lamour Kurt K Balzergue Sandrine S Lefebvre Véronique V

Frontiers in plant science 20221121

Partial resistance in plants generally exerts a low selective pressure on pathogens, and thus ensuring their durability in agrosystems. However, little is known about the effect of partial resistance on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity, a knowledge that could advance plant breeding for sustainable plant health. Here we investigate the gene expression of Phytophthora capsici during infection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), where only partial genetic resistance is reported, ...[more]

PMID: 36479518

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Project description:IntroductionBlack pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a non-model spice crop of significant agricultural and biological importance. The 'quick wilt' disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici is a major threat, leading to substantial crop loss. The molecular mechanisms governing the plant immune responses to this pathogen remain unclear. This study employs RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis to explore the defense mechanisms of P. nigrum against P. capsici.ResultsTwo-month-old P. nigrum plantlets were subjected to infection with P. capsici, and leaf samples were collected at 6- and 12-hours post-inoculation. RNA was extracted, sequenced, and the resulting data were processed and assembled. Differential gene expression analysis was conducted to identify genes responding to the infection. Additionally, the study investigated the involvement of Salicylic acid (SA), Jasmonic acid (JA), and Ethylene (ET) signalling pathways. Our transcriptome assembly comprised 64,667 transcripts with 96.7% completeness, providing valuable insights into the P. nigrum transcriptome. Annotation of these transcripts identified functional categories and domains, provided details on molecular processes. Gene expression analysis identified 4,714 transcripts at 6 h post-infection (hpi) and 9,416 at 12 hpi as differentially expressed, revealing dynamic regulation of immune-related genes. Furthermore, the study investigated key genes involved in biosynthesis pathways of Salicylic acid, Jasmonic acid, and Ethylene signalling. Notably, we found differential regulation of critical genes associated with these pathways while comparing data before and after infection, thereby shedding light on their roles in defense mechanism in P. nigrum defense.ConclusionsThis comprehensive transcriptome analysis of P. nigrum response to P. capsici attack provides valuable insights into the plant defense mechanisms. The dynamic regulation of innate immunity and the involvement of key signalling pathways highlight the complexity of the plant-pathogen interaction. This study contributes to our understanding of plant immunity and offers potential strategies for enhancing P. nigrum resistance to this harmful pathogen.

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Strive or thrive: Trends in Phytophthora capsici gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

Publications

Strive or thrive: Trends in <i>Phytophthora capsici</i> gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

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Strive or thrive: Trends in Phytophthora capsici gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

Publications

Strive or thrive: Trends in &lt;i&gt;Phytophthora capsici&lt;/i&gt; gene expression in partially resistant pepper.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Strive or thrive: Trends in <i>Phytophthora capsici</i> gene expression in partially resistant pepper.