Dataset Information

Health disparities in past influenza pandemics: A scoping review of the literature.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing health disparities. To provide a historical perspective on health disparities for pandemic acute respiratory viruses, we conducted a scoping review of the public health literature of health disparities in influenza outcomes during the 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 influenza pandemics.

Methods

We searched for articles examining socioeconomic or racial/ethnic disparities in any population, examining any influenza-related outcome (e.g., incidence, hospitalizations, mortality), during the 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 influenza pandemics. We conducted a structured search of English-written articles in PubMed supplemented by a snowball of articles meeting inclusion criteria.

Results

A total of 29 articles met inclusion criteria, all but one focusing exclusively on the 1918 or 2009 pandemics. Individuals of low socioeconomic status, or living in low socioeconomic status areas, experienced higher incidence, hospitalizations, and mortality in the 1918 and 2009 pandemics. There were conflicting results regarding racial/ethnic disparities during the 1918 pandemic, with differences in magnitude and direction by outcome, potentially due to issues in data quality by race/ethnicity. Racial/ethnic minorities had generally higher incidence, mortality, and hospitalization rates in the 1957 and 2009 pandemics.

Conclusion

Individuals of low socioeconomic status and racial/ethnic minorities have historically experienced worse influenza outcomes during pandemics. These historical patterns can inform current research to understand disparities in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics.

SUBMITTER: D'Adamo A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9733119 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Health disparities in past influenza pandemics: A scoping review of the literature.

D'Adamo Angela A Schnake-Mahl Alina A Mullachery Pricila H PH Lazo Mariana M Diez Roux Ana V AV Bilal Usama U

SSM - population health 20221209

<h4>Objective</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing health disparities. To provide a historical perspective on health disparities for pandemic acute respiratory viruses, we conducted a scoping review of the public health literature of health disparities in influenza outcomes during the 1918, 1957, 1968, and 2009 influenza pandemics.<h4>Methods</h4>We searched for articles examining socioeconomic or racial/ethnic disparities in any population, examining any influenza-related outcome ...[more]

PMID: 36514788

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic could worsen adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH). We sought evidence on the indirect impacts of previous infectious disease epidemics and the current COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake of ASRH in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to design relevant digital solutions.MethodsWe undertook a literature scoping review to synthesize evidence on the indirect impacts of COVID-19 on ASRH in SSA per the Arksey and O'Malley framework and PRISMA reporting guidelines. We conducted the search on PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate in June and November 2020. We included all peer-reviewed, English-language primary studies on the indirect impacts of infectious disease epidemics on the uptake of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in SSA.ResultsWe included 21 of 42 identified studies. Sixteen studies (76.2%) quantitatively assessed utilization and access to SRH during epidemics. Five studies (2 [9.6%] qualitative and 3 [14.3%] mixed methods) explored factors affecting SRH services. All studies focused on adult populations, most often on labor and delivery (n = 13 [61.9%]) and family planning (n = 8 [38.1%]) outcomes. Although we sought out to assess all outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics, the only relevant studies took place during the West African Ebola pandemic (n = 17 [80.9%]) and COVID-19 pandemic (n = 4 [19.0%]). One study (4.8%) highlighted adolescent-specific outcomes and condom use. Most studies found declined access to and utilization of facility delivery, antenatal care, family planning, and HIV care. One study noted an increase in adolescent pregnancies. However, other studies noted similar, or even increasing trends in access to and utilization of other SRH services (family planning visits; HIV diagnosis; ART initiation) during epidemics. Barriers to SRH uptake included factors such as a reduced ability to pay for care due to lost income, travel restrictions, and fear of infection. Supply-side barriers included lack of open facilities, workers, commodities, and services. Community-based peer delivery systems, telemedicine, and transport services improved SRH uptake.ConclusionAccess to SRH services during epidemics among adolescents and young people in SSA is understudied. We found that no studies focused on SRH outcomes of abortion, emergency contraception, sexually transmitted infections, or cervical cancer. To improve access to and utilization of SRH during pandemics, we recommend the following; in terms of research, key standardized SRH indicators should be included in routine data collection, routine data should be disaggregated by age, gender, and geography to understand gaps in ASRH service delivery, and additional rigorous epidemiological and social-behavioral studies should be conducted. On implementation, community-based peer delivery systems and telemedicine, internet-based, and other technological solutions may better reach adolescent and young people in SSA.

Project description:Background: The COVID‑19 pandemic and associated public health measures have disrupted the lives of people around the world. It is already evident that the direct and indirect psychological and social effects of the COVID‑19 pandemic are insidious and affect the mental health of young children and adolescents now and will in the future. The aim and objectives of this knowledge-synthesis study were to identify the impact of the pandemic on children's and adolescent's mental health and to evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions employed during previous and the current pandemic to promote children's and adolescents' mental health. Methodology: We conducted the systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included experimental randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, observational studies, and qualitative studies. Results: Of the 5828 articles that we retrieved, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria. We thematically analyzed them and put the major findings under the thematic areas of impact of the pandemic on children's and adolescents' mental health. These studies reported that pandemics cause stress, worry, helplessness, and social and risky behavioral problems among children and adolescents (e.g., substance abuse, suicide, relationship problems, academic issues, and absenteeism from work). Interventions such as art-based programs, support services, and clinician-led mental health and psychosocial services effectively decrease mental health issues among children and adolescents. Conclusion: Children and adolescents are more likely to experience high rates of depression and anxiety during and after a pandemic. It is critical that future researchers explore effective mental health strategies that are tailored to the needs of children and adolescents. Explorations of effective channels regarding the development and delivery of evidenced-based, age-appropriate services are vital to lessen the effects and improve long-term capacities for mental health services for children and adolescents. Key Practitioner Message: The COVID-19 pandemic's physical restrictions and social distancing measures have affected each and every domain of life. Although the number of children and adolescents affected by the disease is small, the disease and the containment measures such as social distancing, school closure, and isolation have negatively impacted the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents. The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of children and adolescents is of great concern. Anxiety, depression, disturbances in sleep and appetite, as well as impairment in social interactions are the most common presentations. It has been indicated that compared to adults, this pandemic may continue to have increased long term adverse consequences on children's and adolescents' mental health. As the pandemic continues, it is important to monitor the impact on children's and adolescents' mental health status and how to help them to improve their mental health outcomes in the time of the current or future pandemics.

Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic impacted patients with substance use disorder (SUD) more than the general population and resulted in substantially increased emergency department admissions. Routine care of patients attending drug health services during the pandemic transitioned, with telehealth being important in delivering appropriate care. However, telehealth introduces unique risks such as privacy, confidentiality, and data safety. Providing health care through telehealth may fail if the legal impacts are not fully identified and acted on by health professionals. It also poses unintended risks for patients and can result in ineffectiveness, damages, medical negligence, and detracts from the best intentions of governments and health professionals. Understanding the legal framework ensures that medical professionals operate health care through telehealth within the law. Providing health care successfully through telehealth depends on the balance between innovation and legal compliance. By considering these aspects, clinicians and practitioners can provide effective and safe telehealth services during pandemics or any other natural disaster.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the legal impact of autonomy consent, confidentiality, privacy, data security, professional indemnity, and liability when delivering telehealth to patients with SUD. The scoping review also aimed to provide legal, ethical, and clinical considerations to minimize legal risks with using telehealth in drug health service outpatient settings.MethodsWe performed a scoping review to provide an overview of existing research, statutes, and case laws for the incorporation of clinical, ethical, and legal considerations into telehealth use. Six databases for medical and 6 databases for legal publications were searched, as well as Australian national and selected international regulatory standards. Medical articles published up to June 2022 were included in this review. Our search yielded 1436 publications, 614 abstracts were reviewed, and 80 published studies met the inclusion criteria from 614 legal and medical search results. Current regulations related to technology use in drug health services, relevant cases, and international regulatory standards are discussed.ResultsIn total, 43 legal documents including 15 statutes, 4 case laws, and 37 medical publications were reviewed. The themes arising from the literature were consent and autonomy (20/80, 25%), confidentiality (8/80, 10%), privacy (8/80, 10%), data security (7/80, 9%), and professional indemnity issues (3/80, 4%) in telehealth use. Further, 24 studies identified legal issues associated with telehealth use in patients with SUD.ConclusionsOur review identified potential legal issues associated with telehealth use in patients with SUD. Several legal and medical research articles provide frameworks, codes of conduct, or suggestions for clinicians to consider, but there was little discussion or evidence of how legal considerations are being applied when providing telehealth consultations at drug health services. Clinicians should be aware of the medicolegal implications when providing health care via telehealth at drug health services.

Dataset Information

Health disparities in past influenza pandemics: A scoping review of the literature.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Health disparities in past influenza pandemics: A scoping review of the literature.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets