Dataset Information

Functional Analysis of V2 Protein of Beet Curly Top Iran Virus.

ABSTRACT: Geminivirus beet curly top Iran virus (BCTIV) is one of the main causal agents of the beet curly top disease in Iran and the newly established Becurtovirus genus type species. Although the biological features of known becurtoviruses are similar to those of curtoviruses, they only share a limited sequence identity, and no information is available on the function of their viral genes. In this work, we demonstrate that BCTIV V2, as the curtoviral V2, is also a local silencing suppressor in Nicotiana benthamiana and can delay the systemic silencing spreading, although it cannot block the cell-to-cell movement of the silencing signal to adjacent cells. BCTIV V2 shows the same subcellular localization as curtoviral V2, being detected in the nucleus and perinuclear region, and its ectopic expression from a PVX-derived vector also causes the induction of necrotic lesions in N. benthamiana, such as the ones produced during the HR, both at the local and systemic levels. The results from the infection of N. benthamiana with a V2 BCTIV mutant showed that V2 is required for systemic infection, but not for viral replication, in a local infection. Considering all these results, we can conclude that BCTIV V2 is a functional homologue of curtoviral V2 and plays a crucial role in viral pathogenicity and systemic movement.

SUBMITTER: Bahari A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9736138 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Functional Analysis of V2 Protein of Beet Curly Top Iran Virus.

Bahari Atiyeh A Castillo Araceli G AG Safaie Naser N Bejarano Eduardo R ER Luna Ana P AP Shams-Bakhsh Masoud M

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20221202 23

Geminivirus beet curly top Iran virus (BCTIV) is one of the main causal agents of the beet curly top disease in Iran and the newly established <i>Becurtovirus</i> genus type species. Although the biological features of known becurtoviruses are similar to those of curtoviruses, they only share a limited sequence identity, and no information is available on the function of their viral genes. In this work, we demonstrate that BCTIV V2, as the curtoviral V2, is also a local silencing suppressor in < ...[more]

PMID: 36501393

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Project description:Beet curly top virus (BCTV) mediated yield loss in sugar beets is a major problem worldwide. The circular single-stranded DNA virus is transmitted by the beet leafhopper. Genetic sources of BCTV resistance in sugar beet are limited and commercial cultivars rely on chemical treatments versus durable genetic resistance. Phenotypic selection and double haploid production have resulted in sugar beet germplasm (KDH13; 13 and KDH4-9; 4) that are highly resistant to BCTV. The molecular mechanism of resistance to the virus is unknown, especially the role of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) during early plant-viral interaction. Using the resistant lines along with a susceptible line (KDH19-17; 19), we demonstrate the role of sugar beet microRNAs (miRNAs) in BCTV resistance during early infection stages when symptoms are not yet visible. The differentially expressed miRNAs altered the expression of their corresponding target genes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase (EL10Ac1g02046), carboxylesterase (EL10Ac1g01087), serine/threonine protein phosphatase (EL10Ac1g01374), and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) receptor-like (EL10Ac7g17778), that were highly expressed in the resistant lines versus susceptible lines. Pathway enrichment analysis of the miRNA target genes showed an enrichment of genes involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, galactose metabolism, starch, and sucrose metabolism to name a few. Carbohydrate analysis revealed altered glucose, galactose, fructose, and sucrose concentrations in the infected leaves of resistant versus susceptible lines. We also demonstrate differential regulation of BCTV derived sncRNAs in the resistant versus susceptible lines that target sugar beet genes such as LRR (EL10Ac1g01206), 7-deoxyloganetic acid glucosyltransferase (EL10Ac5g12605), and transmembrane emp24 domain containing (EL10Ac6g14074) and altered their expression. In response to viral infection, we found that plant derived miRNAs targeted BCTV capsid protein/replication related genes and showed differences in expression among resistant and susceptible lines. The data presented here demonstrate the contribution of miRNA mediated regulation of metabolic pathways and cross-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi) in sugar beet BCTV resistance.

Project description:BackgroundSugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.) are grown worldwide and suffer economic loss annually due to curly top disease caused by the beet curly top virus (BCTV). The virus is spread by the beet leafhopper (BLH), Circulifer tenellus Baker. Current management strategies rely on chemical control and planting BCTV-resistant sugar beet genotypes. However, the genetic mechanism underlying BCTV resistance in sugar beet is unknown. This study aimed to determine these mechanisms by comparing a resistant (EL10) and susceptible (FC709-2) sugar beet genotype using host plant suitability (no-choice), host preference (choice) assays, and transcriptomic analysis.ResultsHost plant suitability assays revealed no significant differences in adult survival or nymph production between viruliferous and non-viruliferous BLH on either genotype, suggesting that BCTV resistance is not directly associated with reduced beet leafhopper fitness. However, host preference assays showed that viruliferous BLH preferred settling on the susceptible genotype, FC709-2, compared to the resistant genotype, EL10 whereas the non-viruliferous BLH showed no preference. RNA-sequencing analysis of BCTV-inoculated (viruliferous BLH-fed) and mock-inoculated (non-viruliferous BLH-fed) plants at day 1, 7, or 14 post-inoculations highlighted dynamic and contrasting responses between the two genotypes. The resistant genotype had differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) associated with jasmonic acid and abscisic acid biosynthesis and signaling. DETs associated with stress mitigation mechanisms and reduction in plant primary metabolic processes were also observed. In contrast, the susceptible genotype had DETs associated with opposing phytohormones like salicylic acid and auxin. Moreover, this genotype exhibited an upregulation in DETs involved in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production and increased primary plant metabolic processes.ConclusionsThese results provide novel insight into the opposing transcriptional responses underlying BCTV resistance and susceptibility in sugar beet. Understanding and classifying the mechanisms of resistance or susceptibility to BCTV infection in sugar beet is beneficial to researchers and plant breeders as it provides a basis for further exploration of the host plant-virus-vector interactions.

Dataset Information

Functional Analysis of V2 Protein of Beet Curly Top Iran Virus.

Publications

Functional Analysis of V2 Protein of Beet Curly Top Iran Virus.

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