Changes in hepatitis B vaccine perception in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Development of the Shift in vaccine confidence (SVC) survey tool.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Boisson A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9755009 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Changes in hepatitis B vaccine perception in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Development of the Shift in vaccine confidence (SVC) survey tool.
Boisson Alix A Morgan Camille E CE Stover Angela A Ngimbi Patrick P Mbonze Nana N Ntambua Sarah S Matondo Jolie J Parr Jonathan B JB Yotebieng Marcel M Mwandagalirwa Kashamuka K James Linda L Mampunza Samuel S Thompson Peyton P
Vaccine 20221216 3
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted access to, adherence to, and perceptions of routine vaccinations. We developed the Shift in Vaccine Confidence (SVC) survey tool to assess the impact of the pandemic on routine vaccinations, with a focus on the HBV vaccine, in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study describes the content validation steps we conducted to ensure the survey tool is meaningful to measure changes in vaccine confidence to regular immunization (HBV vaccine) due to th ...[more]
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Project description:IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the way that the world views vaccines. While safe and effective, COVID-19 vaccines were, and continue to be met with hesitancy and misinformation. We aimed to understand public perceptions and trust in COVID-19 vaccinations and how the pandemic has impacted perceptions of non-COVID-19 vaccines.MethodsSurvey data were collected between August 7, 2023-August 16, 2023, from 7,000 respondents aged 18 years and older from the United States (n = 1,000); Nigeria (n = 1,000); United Kingdom (n = 1,000); France (n = 1,000); Canada (n = 1,000); Brazil (n = 1,000); and India (n = 1,000).ResultsTrust in COVID-19 vaccines was highest in Brazil (84.6%) and India (80.4%) and lowest in the United States (63.5%) and France (55.0%). 47.5% of respondents agreed that they trust traditional protein-based vaccines more than mRNA vaccines, 13.5% disagree and 39.0% are neutral about their trust in protein-based versus mRNA vaccines. Overall, 53.9% of respondents reported that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their perceptions of vaccines with half of these respondents (51.7%) reporting that the pandemic made them think that other vaccines are more important as they understand how critical vaccines can be at preventing serious illnesses.DiscussionThese data can be used by health system decision makers, public health and researchers to understand how vaccine trust impacts perceptions of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines globally and develop tailored interventions that address local concerns.
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Project description:Vaccines are among the safest and most effective primary prevention measures. Thanks to the synergistic global efforts of research institutions, pharmaceutical companies and national health services, COVID-19 vaccination campaigns were successfully rolled out less than a year after the start of the pandemic. While the unprecedented speed of development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines has been applauded as a public health success story, it also spurred considerable controversy and hesitancy even amongst individuals that did not previously hold anti-vaccination stances. This study aimed to compare pre- and post-pandemic vaccine confidence trends in different demographic groups by analysing the outcomes of two online surveys run respectively in November 2019 and January 2022 involving a total of 1009 participants. Non-parametric tests highlighted a statistically significant decline in vaccine confidence in the 2022 cohort compared to the 2019 cohort, with median Vaccine Confidence Score dropping from 22 to 20 and 23.8% of participants reporting that their confidence in vaccines had declined since the onset of the pandemic. While the majority of internal trends were comparable between the two surveys with regards to gender, graduate status and religious belief, vaccine confidence patterns showed considerable alterations with regards to age and ethnicity. Middle-aged participants were considerably more hesitant than younger groups in the 2019 cohort, however this was not the case in the 2022 survey. In both surveys White participants showed significantly higher vaccine confidence than those from Black backgrounds; in the 2022 cohort, unlike the pre-pandemic group, Asian participants showed significantly lower confidence than White ones. This study suggests that paradoxically, despite the success of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, vaccine confidence has significantly declined since the onset of the pandemic; the comparison of a pre- and post-pandemic cohort sheds light on the differential effect that the pandemic had on vaccine confidence in different demographic groups.
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Project description:Adult immunization coverage remains low in the US, particularly for people who use drugs (PWUD), a population that experiences a disproportionate burden of vaccine-preventable diseases. The extent of and characteristics associated with vaccine confidence (VC) held by PWUD is poorly understood. As VC strongly correlates with vaccine uptake, this cross-sectional study identifies mutable factors associated with VC and quantifies its relationship to immunization status within a highly vulnerable, underimmunized population of PWUD. Using a community-engaged research strategy with select partner organizations hosting syringe exchange programs in Atlanta, Los Angeles, and Las Vegas, USA, we surveyed participants ages 18-69 years served by these organizations from 2019 to 2020. Survey measures included sociodemographics, health behavior including immunization receipt, and vaccine confidence in adult vaccinations using a modified Emory Vaccine Confidence Index (EVCI). The findings reflect relatively low VC among the 1,127 recruited participants, with 56% expressing low VC (EVCI 0-12), 35% medium (EVCI 13-20) and 10% high (EVCI 21-24). EVCI varied by city, with lowest confidence in Atlanta and highest in Las Vegas. VC was associated with past receipt of specific vaccines, including hepatitis A, MMR, Tdap, and influenza. VC varied by specific sociodemographic correlates such as housing insecurity (reduced confidence) and receipt of public benefits or disability (increased confidence). This study identified correlates associated with VC based on site and sociodemographic characteristics for this priority population, highlighting the need for specific interventions to raise VC among PWUD, especially among those experiencing housing insecurity and without public benefits.
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5717314 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPublic trust in immunization is an increasingly important global health issue. Losses in confidence in vaccines and immunization programmes can lead to vaccine reluctance and refusal, risking disease outbreaks and challenging immunization goals in high- and low-income settings. National and international immunization stakeholders have called for better monitoring of vaccine confidence to identify emerging concerns before they evolve into vaccine confidence crises.MethodsWe perform a large-scale, data-driven study on worldwide attitudes to immunizations. This survey - which we believe represents the largest survey on confidence in immunization to date - examines perceptions of vaccine importance, safety, effectiveness, and religious compatibility among 65,819 individuals across 67 countries. Hierarchical models are employed to probe relationships between individual- and country-level socio-economic factors and vaccine attitudes obtained through the four-question, Likert-scale survey.FindingsOverall sentiment towards vaccinations is positive across all 67 countries, however there is wide variability between countries and across world regions. Vaccine-safety related sentiment is particularly negative in the European region, which has seven of the ten least confident countries, with 41% of respondents in France and 36% of respondents in Bosnia & Herzegovina reporting that they disagree that vaccines are safe (compared to a global average of 13%). The oldest age group (65+) and Roman Catholics (amongst all faiths surveyed) are associated with positive views on vaccine sentiment, while the Western Pacific region reported the highest level of religious incompatibility with vaccines. Countries with high levels of schooling and good access to health services are associated with lower rates of positive sentiment, pointing to an emerging inverse relationship between vaccine sentiments and socio-economic status.ConclusionsRegular monitoring of vaccine attitudes - coupled with monitoring of local immunization rates - at the national and sub-national levels can identify populations with declining confidence and acceptance. These populations should be prioritized to further investigate the drivers of negative sentiment and to inform appropriate interventions to prevent adverse public health outcomes.
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Project description:In 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic remained uncontrolled in Brazil, with more than 17.6 million cases diagnosed and more than a half a million deaths in total. It is known that an accurate risk perception by populations and a consequent adherence to preventive measures can increase the effectiveness of policies to contain the transmission of infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to draw a panorama of COVID-19 in São Paulo State and investigate the population's risk perception about the new coronavirus, attitudes regarding preventive measures and vaccine confidence through an open web survey. A total of 1111 individuals participated (71.6% females). Of those, 15% declared themselves unemployed, almost 6% lost their jobs during the pandemic, and more than 30% suffered a decrease in their monthly income. As for the COVID-19, almost 32% of the participants were tested sometime in 2020, and 11.3% reported a confirmed diagnosis for a level of hospitalisation of 5%. As for the risk perception, it was observed that situations with crowds of people were more frequently considered as of high risk and cause of greater concern with contamination of family members than with themselves. Almost 23% of the participants questioned whether they would take the vaccine when available and do not know if the COVID-19 vaccine will be safe for the population. Almost 70% disagreed with the statement that the actions of the country's health authorities are effective in combating COVID-19. Considering the Cramer's V coefficient, these variables were not associated with gender or educational level.
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Project description:ObjectivesTeachers are an important occupational group to consider when addressing vaccine confidence and uptake for school-aged children due to their proximate role within school-based immunization programs. The objectives of this study were to characterize and identify sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine confidence and describe teachers' knowledge of and perceived role in the school-based immunization program, with the aim of informing public health policy and identifying opportunities for supporting teachers in their role in school-based immunization programs.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of elementary and secondary public-school teachers in British Columbia was completed from August to November 2020. Respondents provided sociodemographic information, as well as past vaccination experience, vaccine knowledge, and perceived role in the school-based immunization program. Vaccine confidence was measured using the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS). Characteristics associated with the VHS sub-scales 'lack of confidence in vaccines' and 'perceived risk of vaccines', were explored using ANOVA. Descriptive analysis was completed for teachers' perceived role in the immunization program.Results5,095 surveys were included in this analysis. Overall vaccine confidence was high, with vaccine hesitancy being related to the perceived risk of vaccines rather than a lack of confidence in the effectiveness of vaccines. ANOVA found significant differences for both VHS-sub-scales based on sociodemographic factors, however, the strength of the association was generally small. High general vaccine knowledge and never having delayed or refused a vaccine in the past were associated with higher vaccine confidence. Overall, teachers reported a lack of clarity in their role within the school-based immunization program.ConclusionsThis large population-based observational study of teachers highlights a number of key engagement opportunities between public health and the education sector. Using a validated scale, we found that overall, teachers are highly accepting of vaccines, and well situated as potential partners with public health to address vaccine hesitancy.
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Project description:Understanding the roots of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in at-risk groups, such as persons living with HIV (PLWH), is of utmost importance. We developed a modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) questionnaire using items from the National Advisory Committee on Immunization Acceptability Matrix. To examine factors associated with receiving COVID-19 vaccine and the link between vaccine attitudes and beliefs with vaccine behavior, PLWH were recruited via social media and community-based organizations (February-May 2022). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize results. Total VHS score was generated by adding Likert scale scores and linear regression models used to compare results between participants who received or did not receive COVID-19 vaccines. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with vaccine uptake. A total of 246 PLWH indicated whether they received a COVID-19 vaccine. 89% received ≥ 1 dose. Mean total VHS(SD) for persons having received ≥ 1 COVID-19 vaccine was 17.8(6.2) vs. 35.4(9.4) for participants not having received any COVID-19 vaccine. Persons who received ≥ 1 dose were significantly older than those who had not received any (48.4 ± 13.8 vs. 34.0 ± 7.7 years, p < 0.0001). The majority of participants considered COVID-19 vaccination important for their health(81.3%) and the health of others(84.4%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed the odds of taking ≥ 1dose were increased 2.4-fold [95% CI 1.6, 3.5] with each increase in age of 10 years (p < 0.0001). Sex and ethnicity were not different between groups. In conclusion, PLWH accept COVID-19 vaccines for both altruistic and individual reasons. With evolving recommendations and increasing numbers of booster vaccines, we must re-examine the needs of PLWH regularly.
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