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Wishful thinking? Addressing the long-term implications of COVID-19 for transport in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT: With their inherent economic and infrastructure challenges, developing countries must assess commuters' travel behaviour and establish whether consumers' desire for sustainable transportation is feasible or merely wishful thinking. Using a qualitative research design, these issues were explored based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 72 participants across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Findings suggest that the desires and dreams of the commuters are great, and they want to reduce their journeys, work from home, and do online shopping. However, when they consider the inherent challenges, they can only hope for a better future. COVID-19 has impacted the ownership or use of motorised and non-motorised transport, but this is also influenced by affordability, convenience, and awareness. Likewise, there are long-term effects on home and work location choices, but this is further influenced by the large informal economy of the country, job accessibility and the infrastructural developments across the country.

SUBMITTER: Mogaji E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9761280 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Wishful thinking? Addressing the long-term implications of COVID-19 for transport in Nigeria.

Mogaji Emmanuel E

Transportation research. Part D, Transport and environment 20220223

With their inherent economic and infrastructure challenges, developing countries must assess commuters' travel behaviour and establish whether consumers' desire for sustainable transportation is feasible or merely wishful thinking. Using a qualitative research design, these issues were explored based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 72 participants across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Findings suggest that the desires and dreams of the commuters are great, and they want to r ...[more]

PMID: 36570333

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Project description:Trans-synaptic interactions involving Neurexins and Neuroligins are thought to promote adhesive interactions for precise alignment of the pre- and postsynaptic compartments and organize synaptic macromolecular complexes across species. In Drosophila, while Neurexin (Dnrx) and Neuroligins (Dnlg) are emerging as central organizing molecules at synapses, very little is known of the spectrum of proteins that might be recruited to the Dnrx/Dnlg trans-synaptic interface for organization and growth of the synapses. Using full length and truncated forms of Dnrx and Dnlg1 together with cell biological analyses and genetic interactions, we report novel functions of Dnrx and Dnlg1 in clustering of pre- and postsynaptic proteins, coordination of synaptic growth and ultrastructural organization. We show that Dnrx and Dnlg1 extracellular and intracellular regions are required for proper synaptic growth and localization of Dnlg1 and Dnrx, respectively. dnrx and dnlg1 single and double mutants display altered subcellular distribution of Discs large (Dlg), which is the homolog of mammalian post-synaptic density protein, PSD95. dnrx and dnlg1 mutants also display ultrastructural defects ranging from abnormal active zones, misformed pre- and post-synaptic areas with underdeveloped subsynaptic reticulum. Interestingly, dnrx and dnlg1 mutants have reduced levels of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) receptor Wishful thinking (Wit), and Dnrx and Dnlg1 are required for proper localization and stability of Wit. In addition, the synaptic overgrowth phenotype resulting from the overexpression of Dnrx fails to manifest in wit mutants. Phenotypic analyses of dnrx/wit and dnlg1/wit mutants indicate that Dnrx/Dnlg1/Wit coordinate synaptic growth and architecture at the NMJ. Our findings also demonstrate that loss of Dnrx and Dnlg1 leads to decreased levels of the BMP co-receptor, Thickveins and the downstream effector phosphorylated Mad at the Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) synapses indicating that Dnrx/Dnlg1 regulate components of the BMP signaling pathway. Together our findings reveal that Dnrx/Dnlg are at the core of a highly orchestrated process that combines adhesive and signaling mechanisms to ensure proper synaptic organization and growth during NMJ development.

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Wishful thinking? Addressing the long-term implications of COVID-19 for transport in Nigeria.

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Wishful thinking? Addressing the long-term implications of COVID-19 for transport in Nigeria.

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