Membrane Sphingomyelin in Host Cells Is Essential for Nucleocapsid Penetration into the Cytoplasm after Hemifusion during Rubella Virus Entry.

ABSTRACT: The lipid composition of the host cell membrane is one of the key determinants of the entry of enveloped viruses into cells. To elucidate the detailed mechanisms behind the cell entry of rubella virus (RuV), one of the enveloped viruses, we searched for host factors involved in such entry by using CRISPR/Cas9 genome-wide knockout screening, and we found sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1), encoded by the SGMS1 gene, as a candidate. RuV growth was strictly suppressed in SGMS1-knockout cells and was completely recovered by the overexpression of enzymatically active SMS1 and partially recovered by that of SMS2, another member of the SMS family, but not by that of enzymatically inactive SMS1. An entry assay using pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus possessing RuV envelope proteins

SUBMITTER: Mori Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9765692 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature