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Olfaction in pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Little attention has been paid to olfactory changes during pregnancy with contemporary studies limited in number and sample size. We examined whether pregnancy is associated with differences in olfactory performance and if there were any specific gestational ages at which these differences occur through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature. An initial electronic database search identified 234 citations, which were screened at the abstract level. Twenty-three citations were germane for full-text review, and 13 met criteria for inclusion. Our review assessed 5 olfactory measures of interest: odor identification (n = 11 articles), threshold (n = 8), discrimination (n = 5), hedonics (n = 6), and intensity (n = 5). Nine of these 13 studies contained sufficient data for meta-analysis, and these studies included a total of 523 pregnant women and 365 non-pregnant controls. Despite previous subjective and objective reports of odor intolerances and odor hypersensitivity, we did not find any significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women in odor discrimination, thresholds, or hedonics. However, meta-analysis of 506 cases and 333 controls showed worse odor identification in pregnant women compared to controls in a random-effects model. Thus, we demonstrate worse performance at odor identification during pregnancy. In this review, we discuss the current evidence (and lack thereof) regarding olfaction in pregnancy as well as highlight current knowledge gaps in this field.

SUBMITTER: Albaugh SL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9780746 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Olfaction in pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Albaugh Shaley L SL Wu Lisa L LL Zhang Douglas D Diaz Ashley A Werner Debra A DA Pinto Jayant M JM Cameron E Leslie EL

Chemical senses 20220101

Little attention has been paid to olfactory changes during pregnancy with contemporary studies limited in number and sample size. We examined whether pregnancy is associated with differences in olfactory performance and if there were any specific gestational ages at which these differences occur through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature. An initial electronic database search identified 234 citations, which were screened at the abstract level. Twenty-th ...[more]

PMID: 36469055

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Project description:Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) trinucleotide repeat expansion within the first intron of the FXN gene. The GAA expansion in FRDA induces a transcriptionally repressive state that reduces expression of the protein product Frataxin. Despite Frataxin's ubiquitous expression, the dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons (SNs) are particularly affected, causing sensory/proprioceptive loss, while lower motor neurons (LMNs) are largely spared in FA. The basis for this cell-type specific selective vulnerability remains a central unanswered question in FRDA pathophysiology. Here we generated induced pluripotent stem cell derived sensory neurons, lower motor neurons and neural crest cells from FRDA and isogenic corrected control cell lines. These were profiled using bulk RNA sequencing and used in the systematic review and meta-analysis of all human bulk RNA-seq datasets derived from FRDA and control samples. Our group performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of human bulk RNA-sequencing datasets in FRDA, reprocessing all studies through a unified analysis pipeline to enable direct cross-study comparison. We analysed 23 independent datasets comprising 94 FRDA and 99 control samples across 10 distinct cell types, spanning both disease-relevant (cardiomyocytes, sensory neurons) and unaffected cell types (fibroblasts, lymphocytes) of FRDA. This integrative approach allowed us to identify transcriptional changes that are consistently associated with FRDA across studies, while simultaneously delineating those that are cell-type specific. We have identified a panel of robust biomarkers of FRDA that would be useful readouts in in vitro drug screens, in clinical trials, as well as generating hypothesis as to how these biomarkers relate to the pathophysiological mechanisms of FRDA. All biomarkers, datasets and results can also be explored through the open-access FRDA Transcriptomic Atlas (https://marniemaddock.github.io/FRDATranscriptomicAtlas/).

Dataset Information

Olfaction in pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publications

Olfaction in pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

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