Dataset Information

Maternal Weight Gain during Pregnancy and the Developing Autonomic Nervous System-Possible Impact of GDM.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The intrauterine environment is known to affect the offspring's long-term risk for obesity and diabetes. Previous data show that maternal metabolism and gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with fetal autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, which can be assessed with heart rate variability (HRV). We investigated whether this association is also present in 2-year-old children and addressed the impact of gestational diabetes (GDM).

Research design and methods

We examined the 2-year-old offspring of mothers who had undergone a 5-point, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy. To assess HRV, a 10-minute ECG was recorded, and time domain and frequency domain parameters were analyzed. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance testing.

Results

We examined 67 children (33 girls, 34 boys), 30 of whom were born to mothers with treated GDM and normoglycemic pregnancies (NGT), respectively. No differences were found between the groups with regard to birth weight, weight at the age of 2 years, and body fat content. We observed that GWG was associated with heart rate and HRV, indicating that children of mothers with low GWG had a lower parasympathetic tone. This association was detected in NGT-exposed-but not in GDM-exposed-children. HR and HRV correlated with body fat and fat-free mass in children from normoglycemic pregnancies only.

Conclusion

We found that the impact of maternal GWG on offspring ANS function was missing in the presence of treated GDM. The balance of the ANS was related to offspring body composition in children from NGT pregnancies only. Our results suggest that maternal weight gain during pregnancy has a critical impact on the developing ANS, which might be disturbed in the presence of GDM.

SUBMITTER: Fritsche L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9784678 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Maternal Weight Gain during Pregnancy and the Developing Autonomic Nervous System-Possible Impact of GDM.

Fritsche Louise L Hartkopf Julia J Hummel Julia J Löffler Dorina S DS Yamazaki Hajime H Häring Hans-Ulrich HU Peter Andreas A Birkenfeld Andreas L AL Wagner Robert R Fritsche Andreas A Preissl Hubert H Heni Martin M

Nutrients 20221207 24

<h4>Objective</h4>The intrauterine environment is known to affect the offspring's long-term risk for obesity and diabetes. Previous data show that maternal metabolism and gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with fetal autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, which can be assessed with heart rate variability (HRV). We investigated whether this association is also present in 2-year-old children and addressed the impact of gestational diabetes (GDM).<h4>Research design and methods</h4>We e ...[more]

PMID: 36558379

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Project description:ObjectiveBoth excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with adverse health outcomes for the woman and her child. Antidepressant use in pregnancy could affect GWG, based on evidence in nonpregnant women that some antidepressants may cause weight gain and others weight loss. Previous studies of antidepressant use and GWG were small with limited ability to account for confounding, including by maternal mental health status and severity. We assessed the association of antidepressant continuation in pregnancy with GWG among women using antidepressants before pregnancy.Study designOur retrospective cohort study included singleton livebirths from 2001 to 2014 within Kaiser Permanente Washington, an integrated health care system. Data were obtained from electronic health records and linked Washington State birth records. Among women with ≥1 antidepressant fill within 6 months before pregnancy, women who filled an antidepressant during pregnancy were considered "continuers;" women without a fill were "discontinuers." We calculated mean differences in GWG and relative risks (RR) of inadequate and excessive weight gain based on Institute of Medicine guidelines. Using inverse probability of treatment weighting with generalized estimating equations, we addressed differences in maternal characteristics, including mental health conditions.ResultsAmong the 2,887 births, 1,689 (59%) were to women who continued antidepressants in pregnancy and 1,198 (42%) were to discontinuers. After accounting for confounding, continuers had similar weight gain to those who discontinued (mean difference: 1.3 lbs, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.1 to 2.8 lbs) and similar risks of inadequate and excessive GWG (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.80-1.14 and RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98-1.14, respectively). Findings were comparable for specific antidepressants and trimesters of exposure.ConclusionWe did not find evidence that continuation of antidepressants in pregnancy led to differences in GWG.Key points· Antidepressant use is associated with weight change in nonpregnant populations.. · Prior evidence on whether antidepressant use in pregnancy affects gestational weight gain is sparse.. · We accounted for confounding by characteristics such as mental health conditions and their severity.. · We found no association between pregnancy antidepressant continuation and gestational weight gain..

Project description:BackgroundInsufficient or excessive gestational weight gain are associated with increased risks of adverse birth and childhood outcomes. Increasing evidence suggests that exposure to bisphenols and phthalates may disrupt hormonal pathways and thereby influence gestational weight gain.ObjectiveTo examine the associations of early and mid-pregnancy bisphenol and phthalate urine concentrations with gestational weight gain.MethodsIn a population-based prospective cohort study among 1,213 pregnant women, we measured early and mid-pregnancy bisphenol and phthalate urine concentrations. Maternal anthropometrics before pregnancy were obtained by questionnaire and repeatedly measured at our research center during pregnancy. We used linear and logistic regressions to evaluate the associations of bisphenols and phthalates with total and period-specific gestational weight gain.ResultsHigher maternal total bisphenols and bisphenol S were associated with a lower total gestational weight gain at nominal level. Stratification by body mass index group showed that higher total bisphenols and bisphenol S were associated with lower total gestational weight gain specifically in normal weight women (respectively -509 g [95% CI -819, -198] and -398 g [95% CI -627, -169]). Each log unit increase in early pregnancy total bisphenol and bisphenol A urine concentrations were associated with lower mid- to late pregnancy gestational weight gain in the whole group (effect estimates -218 g/log unit increase [95% CI -334, -102] and -132 g/log unit increase [95% CI -231, -34], respectively). These associations were independent of mid-pregnancy compounds. Mid-pregnancy bisphenols and phthalates concentrations were not associated with gestational weight gain.DiscussionHigher maternal bisphenol urine concentrations in early pregnancy may lead to reduced gestational weight in second half of pregnancy. Further research is needed to assess the effects of maternal bisphenols and phthalates urine concentrations on placental and fetal growth and development.

Dataset Information

Maternal Weight Gain during Pregnancy and the Developing Autonomic Nervous System-Possible Impact of GDM.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Maternal Weight Gain during Pregnancy and the Developing Autonomic Nervous System-Possible Impact of GDM.

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