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A sacrificial magnet concept for field dependent surface science studies.

ABSTRACT: We demonstrate a straightforward approach to integrating a magnetic field into a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by adhering an NdFeB permanent magnet to a magnetizable sample plate. To render our magnet concept compatible with high-temperature sample cleaning procedures, we make the irreversible demagnetization of the magnet a central part of our preparation cycle. After sacrificing the magnet by heating it above its Curie temperature, we use a transfer tool to attach a new magnet in-situ prior to transferring the sample into the STM. We characterize the magnetic field created by the magnet using the Abrikosov vortex lattice of superconducting NbSe_2. Excellent agreement between the distance dependent magnetic fields from experiments and simulations allows us to predict the magnitude and orientation of magnetic flux at any location with respect to the magnet and the sample plate. Our concept is an accessible solution for field-dependent surface science studies that require fields in the range of up to 400 mT and otherwise detrimental heating procedures.•Accessible magnetic field generation.•Selectable field strength and orientation.•Compatible with high-temperature sample preparation.

SUBMITTER: Liu D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9791577 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A sacrificial magnet concept for field dependent surface science studies.

Liu Danyang D Oppliger Jens J Cahlík Aleš A Witteveen Catherine C von Rohr Fabian O FO Natterer Fabian Donat FD

MethodsX 20221209

We demonstrate a straightforward approach to integrating a magnetic field into a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by adhering an NdFeB permanent magnet to a magnetizable sample plate. To render our magnet concept compatible with high-temperature sample cleaning procedures, we make the irreversible demagnetization of the magnet a central part of our preparation cycle. After sacrificing the magnet by heating it above its Curie temperature, we use a transfer tool to attach a new ...[more]

PMID: 36578290

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Project description:Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been detected in a wide range of astrophysical environments, including the interstellar medium, comets and proto-planetary disks. The icy mantles that form on dust grains in these environments are thought to be the chemical nurseries that allow the formation of many of the COMs that have been identified. As such, the adsorption, thermal processing and desorption of COMs from dust grain surfaces are important in understanding the astrochemical networks as a whole. To study these processes, surface science techniques (temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS)) have been used to investigate ices of the simple esters, methyl acetate and methyl propanoate, adsorbed on a graphitic dust grain analogue surface (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, HOPG) at 28 K. From the TPD experiments, kinetic parameters have been determined for the desorption of the esters from graphite. The data show a clear coverage dependence for the desorption energies and pre-exponential factors in the sub-monolayer regime. For methyl acetate, the desorption energies and pre-exponential factors range from 57.1 ± 0.4 to 47.2 ± 0.3 kJ mol-1 and 3.1 × 1019±0.2 to 1.6 × 1019±0.1 s-1 respectively. For methyl propanoate the same parameters range from 57.0 ± 0.1 to 51.0 ± 0.1 kJ mol-1 and 7.7 × 1019±0.1 to 4.4 × 1019±0.1 s-1. As expected, neither ester shows coverage dependent values for multilayer ices. The determined desorption energies and pre-exponential values for the multilayer ices are 43.5 ± 0.9 kJ mol-1 and 4.2 × 1032±0.4 molecules cm-2 s-1 for methyl acetate and 45.7 ± 0.9 kJ mol- 1 and 8.7 × 1029±0.4 molecules cm-2 s-1 for methyl propanoate. Experimental RAIRS data were also recorded, showing that the ices undergo an irreversible phase change from an amorphous to a crystalline structure when thermally processed. This study provides fundamental data for use in astrochemical models as well as the basis for a future investigation of methyl acetate and methyl propanoate adsorbed in mixed ice environments with water ice.

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A sacrificial magnet concept for field dependent surface science studies.

Publications

A sacrificial magnet concept for field dependent surface science studies.

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