Antiretroviral therapy restores the homeostatic state of microglia in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.

ABSTRACT: Microglia and macrophages are essential for homeostatic maintenance and innate immune response in the brain. They are the first line of defense against infections such as HIV/SIV in the brain. However, they are susceptible to infection and function as viral reservoirs even under effective viral suppression. While current antiretroviral regimens successfully suppress viremia and improve quality of life and lifespan, neurologic complications persist and are in part attributed to activated microglia. We sought to test the hypothesis that brain microglia return to a more homeostatic-like state when viremia is suppressed by combination antiretroviral therapy. Using the SIV-rhesus macaque model, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, and pathway analysis to compare gene expressi

SUBMITTER: Trease AJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9796061 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature