Dataset Information

Morphoanatomical and biochemical factors associated with rice resistance to the South American rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

ABSTRACT: The rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an economically important pest of flooded rice paddies throughout South America, and species with similar life histories are present in many rice-producing regions globally (collectively referred to here as RWWs). Plant resistance is a key strategy for management of RWWs; however, the mechanisms responsible for rice resistance to RWWs are poorly understood. We investigated morphoanatomical and biochemical plant traits potentially involved in rice resistance to O. oryzae. Resistance-associated traits were characterized in two cultivars, 'Dawn' (resistant) and 'BRS Pampa CL' ('Pamp' = susceptible), which were selected from among six cultivars on 2-year field screenings. Anatomical and morphological traits of leaf tissues from 'Pamp' and 'Dawn' were similar, which perhaps explains the lack of antixenosis during host plant selection. However, significant antibiosis effects were found. The activities of antioxidant enzymes involved in plant defense, as well the content of hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids derivatives and lignin, were higher in roots of 'Dawn' than in 'Pamp', over the period of larval infestation in the field. Additionally, 'Dawn' exhibited a root sclerenchyma arranged in three layers of lignified cells, which differed from the arrangement of cells in 'Pamp', regardless of larval infestation. Our results provide the first evidence for specific resistance-related traits associated with mortality and malnutrition of RWWs in rice.

SUBMITTER: de Bastos Pazini J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9797491 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Morphoanatomical and biochemical factors associated with rice resistance to the South American rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

de Bastos Pazini Juliano J da Silva Martins José Francisco JF da Rosa Dorneles Keilor K Lopes Crizel Rosane R da Silva Fernando Felisberto FF Clasen Chaves Fábio F Fernando Juliana Aparecida JA Dallagnol Leandro José LJ Seidel Enio Júnior EJ Stout Michael Joseph MJ Grützmacher Anderson Dionei AD

Scientific reports 20221228 1

The rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an economically important pest of flooded rice paddies throughout South America, and species with similar life histories are present in many rice-producing regions globally (collectively referred to here as RWWs). Plant resistance is a key strategy for management of RWWs; however, the mechanisms responsible for rice resistance to RWWs are poorly understood. We investigated morphoanatomical and biochemical plant traits pote ...[more]

PMID: 36577813

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Project description:Plant structural traits can act as barriers for herbivore attachment, feeding, and oviposition. In particular, epicuticular waxes (EWs) on the aerial surfaces of many land plants offer protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. In rice (Oryza sativa L.), mutations that reduce EWs have been previously reported. However, whether such mutations affect rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel) and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith) performance has not been investigated yet. These pests cause significant economic problems in important rice-producing areas of the United States. The aim of our study was to characterize the EWs of EW mutants and wild-type rice plants by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compare the resistance of mutant and wild-type plants against rice water weevil and fall armyworm. We hypothesized that mutants with reduced EWs would have weaker resistance to pests than wild-type plants. Three mutant lines (6-1A, 7-17A, and 11-39A) and their wild-type parent (cv. 'Sabine') were used to test this hypothesis. Levels of EWs were significantly lower in mutant lines than in the wild-type, and qualitative differences in EW composition were also observed. Reduction in EWs significantly affected performance of insects in experiments conducted under greenhouse conditions. Experiments with rice water weevils were conducted in arenas in which females were given a choice of the mutants and the wild-type for oviposition. Number of first instars emerging from the three EW mutants (an indication of oviposition preference) was higher on the three EW mutants than on wild-type plants with normal wax levels. Similarly, in no-choice experiments using whole plants or detached leaves, weight gains of armyworms on leaves were higher on the mutant lines than on the wild-type. These results indicate that EW traits are involved in rice resistance to weevils and armyworms. Understanding the plant traits that contribute to resistance to rice pests will be helpful for the development of resistant varieties for reducing pest insect damage.

Project description:This work investigates the effectiveness of solar heating using clear polyethylene bags against rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), which is one of the most destructive insect pests against many strategic grains such as wheat. In this paper, we aim at finding the key parameters that affect the control heating system against stored grain insects while ensuring that the wheat grain quality is maintained. We provide a new benchmark dataset, where the experimental and environmental data was collected based on fieldwork during the summer in Canada. We measure the effectiveness of the solution using a novel formula to describe the amortising temperature effect on rice weevil. We adopted different machine learning models to predict the effectiveness of our solution in reaching a lethal heating condition for insect pests, and hence measure the importance of the parameters. The performance of our machine learning models has been validated using a 10-fold cross-validation, showing a high accuracy of 99.5% with 99.01% recall, 100% precision and 99.5% F1-Score obtained by the Random Forest model. Our experimental study on machine learning with SHAP values as an eXplainable post-hoc model provides the best environmental conditions and parameters that have a significant effect on the disinfestation of rice weevils. Our findings suggest that there is an optimal medium-sized grain amount when using solar bags for thermal insect disinfestation under high ambient temperatures. Machine learning provides us with a versatile model for predicting the lethal temperatures that are most effective for eliminating stored grain insects inside clear plastic bags. Using this powerful technology, we can gain valuable information on the optimal conditions to eliminate these pests. Our model allows us to predict whether a certain combination of parameters will be effective in the treatment of insects using thermal control. We make our dataset publicly available under a Creative Commons Licence to encourage researchers to use it as a benchmark for their studies.

Dataset Information

Morphoanatomical and biochemical factors associated with rice resistance to the South American rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Publications

Morphoanatomical and biochemical factors associated with rice resistance to the South American rice water weevil, Oryzophagus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Similar Datasets

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