Surface-redox sodium-ion storage in anatase titanium oxide.

ABSTRACT: Sodium-ion storage technologies are promising candidates for large-scale grid systems due to the abundance and low cost of sodium. However, compared to well-understood lithium-ion storage mechanisms, sodium-ion storage remains relatively unexplored. Herein, we systematically determine the sodium-ion storage properties of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂(A)). During the initial sodiation process, a thin surface layer (~3 to 5 nm) of crystalline TiO₂(A) becomes amorphous but still undergoes Ti⁴⁺/Ti³⁺ redox reactions. A model explaining the role of the amorphous layer and the dependence of the specific capacity on the size of TiO₂(A) nanoparticles is proposed. Amorphous nanoparticles of ~10 nm seem to be optimum in terms of achieving high s

SUBMITTER: Wei Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9810695 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature