Hip fracture or not? The reversed prevalence effect among non-experts' diagnosis.

ABSTRACT: Despite numerous investigations of the prevalence effect on medical image perception, little research has been done to examine the effect of expertise, and its possible interaction with prevalence. In this study, medical practitioners were instructed to detect the presence of hip fracture in 50 X-ray images with either high prevalence (N_signal = 40) or low prevalence (N_signal = 10). Results showed that compared to novices (e.g., pediatricians, dentists, neurologists), the manipulation of prevalence shifted participant's criteria in a different direction for experts who perform hip fracture diagnosis on a daily basis. That is, when prevalence rate is low (p_{fracture-present} = 0.2), experts held more conservative criteria in answering "fracture-present," where

SUBMITTER: Zhang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9813289 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature