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A rapid RIG-I signaling relay mediates efficient antiviral response.

ABSTRACT: RIG-I is essential for host defense against viral pathogens, as it triggers the release of type I interferons upon encounter with viral RNA molecules. In this study, we show that RIG-I is rapidly and efficiently activated by small quantities of incoming viral RNA and that it relies exclusively on the constitutively expressed resident pool of RIG-I receptors for a strong antiviral response. Live-cell imaging of RIG-I following stimulation with viral or synthetic dsRNA reveals that RIG-I signaling occurs without mass aggregation at the mitochondrial membrane. By contrast, interferon-induced RIG-I protein becomes embedded in cytosolic aggregates that are functionally unrelated to signaling. These findings suggest that endogenous RIG-I efficiently recognizes viral RNA and rapidly relays an antiviral signal to MAVS via a transient signaling complex and that cellular aggregates of RIG-I have a function that is distinct from signaling.

SUBMITTER: Thoresen DT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9825657 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A rapid RIG-I signaling relay mediates efficient antiviral response.

Thoresen Daniel T DT Galls Drew D Götte Benjamin B Wang Wenshuai W Pyle Anna M AM

Molecular cell 20221214 1

RIG-I is essential for host defense against viral pathogens, as it triggers the release of type I interferons upon encounter with viral RNA molecules. In this study, we show that RIG-I is rapidly and efficiently activated by small quantities of incoming viral RNA and that it relies exclusively on the constitutively expressed resident pool of RIG-I receptors for a strong antiviral response. Live-cell imaging of RIG-I following stimulation with viral or synthetic dsRNA reveals that RIG-I signaling ...[more]

PMID: 36521492

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