Dataset Information

Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.

ABSTRACT: Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most functional groups peaks in tropical habitats, including Amazonia, Yucatan, West-Central Africa, Sri Lanka, and New Caledonia, with a negligible island effect compared with plants and animals. We also found that fungi are predominantly vulnerable to drought, heat and land-cover change, particularly in dry tropical regions with high human population density. Fungal conservation areas of highest priority include herbaceous wetlands, tropical forests, and woodlands. We stress that more attention should be focused on the conservation of fungi, especially root symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical regions as well as unicellular early-diverging groups and macrofungi in general. Given the low overlap between the endemicity of fungi and macroorganisms, but high conservation needs in both groups, detailed analyses on distribution and conservation requirements are warranted for other microorganisms and soil organisms.

SUBMITTER: Tedersoo L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9826061 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.

Tedersoo Leho L Mikryukov Vladimir V Zizka Alexander A Bahram Mohammad M Hagh-Doust Niloufar N Anslan Sten S Prylutskyi Oleh O Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel M Maestre Fernando T FT Pärn Jaan J Öpik Maarja M Moora Mari M Zobel Martin M Espenberg Mikk M Mander Ülo Ü Khalid Abdul Nasir AN Corrales Adriana A Agan Ahto A Vasco-Palacios Aída-M AM Saitta Alessandro A Rinaldi Andrea C AC Verbeken Annemieke A Sulistyo Bobby P BP Tamgnoue Boris B Furneaux Brendan B Ritter Camila Duarte CD Nyamukondiwa Casper C Sharp Cathy C Marín César C Gohar Daniyal D Klavina Darta D Sharmah Dipon D Dai Dong Qin DQ Nouhra Eduardo E Biersma Elisabeth Machteld EM Rähn Elisabeth E Cameron Erin K EK De Crop Eske E Otsing Eveli E Davydov Evgeny A EA Albornoz Felipe E FE Brearley Francis Q FQ Buegger Franz F Zahn Geoffrey G Bonito Gregory G Hiiesalu Inga I Barrio Isabel C IC Heilmann-Clausen Jacob J Ankuda Jelena J Kupagme John Y JY Maciá-Vicente Jose G JG Fovo Joseph Djeugap JD Geml József J Alatalo Juha M JM Alvarez-Manjarrez Julieta J Põldmaa Kadri K Runnel Kadri K Adamson Kalev K Bråthen Kari Anne KA Pritsch Karin K Tchan Kassim I KI Armolaitis Kęstutis K Hyde Kevin D KD Newsham Kevin K KK Panksep Kristel K Lateef Adebola A AA Tiirmann Liis L Hansson Linda L Lamit Louis J LJ Saba Malka M Tuomi Maria M Gryzenhout Marieka M Bauters Marijn M Piepenbring Meike M Wijayawardene Nalin N Yorou Nourou S NS Kurina Olavi O Mortimer Peter E PE Meidl Peter P Kohout Petr P Nilsson Rolf Henrik RH Puusepp Rasmus R Drenkhan Rein R Garibay-Orijel Roberto R Godoy Roberto R Alkahtani Saad S Rahimlou Saleh S Dudov Sergey V SV Põlme Sergei S Ghosh Soumya S Mundra Sunil S Ahmed Talaat T Netherway Tarquin T Henkel Terry W TW Roslin Tomas T Nteziryayo Vincent V Fedosov Vladimir E VE Onipchenko Vladimir G VG Yasanthika W A Erandi WAE Lim Young Woon YW Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A NA Antonelli Alexandre A Kõljalg Urmas U Abarenkov Kessy K

Global change biology 20220902 22

Fungi are highly diverse organisms, which provide multiple ecosystem services. However, compared with charismatic animals and plants, the distribution patterns and conservation needs of fungi have been little explored. Here, we examined endemicity patterns, global change vulnerability and conservation priority areas for functional groups of soil fungi based on six global surveys using a high-resolution, long-read metabarcoding approach. We found that the endemicity of all fungi and most function ...[more]

PMID: 36056462

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Project description:Soil bacteria and fungi are known to form niche-specific communities that differ between actively growing and decaying roots. Yet almost nothing is known about the cross-kingdom interactions that frame these communities and the environmental filtering that defines these potentially friendly or competing neighbors. We explored the temporal and spatial patterns of soil fungal (mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal) and bacterial cooccurrence near roots of wild oat grass, Avena fatua, growing in its naturalized soil in a greenhouse experiment. Amplicon sequences of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and bacterial 16S rRNA genes from rhizosphere and bulk soils collected at multiple plant growth stages were used to construct covariation-based networks as a step toward identifying fungal-bacterial associations. Corresponding stable-isotope-enabled metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of bacteria identified in cooccurrence networks were used to inform potential mechanisms underlying the observed links. Bacterial-fungal networks were significantly different in rhizosphere versus bulk soils and between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nonmycorrhizal fungi. Over 12 weeks of plant growth, nonmycorrhizal fungi formed increasingly complex networks with bacteria in rhizosphere soils, while AMF more frequently formed networks with bacteria in bulk soils. Analysis of network-associated bacterial MAGs suggests that some of the fungal-bacterial links that we identified are potential indicators of bacterial breakdown and consumption of fungal biomass, while others intimate shared ecological niches.IMPORTANCE Soils near living and decomposing roots form distinct niches that promote microorganisms with distinctive environmental preferences and interactions. Yet few studies have assessed the community-level cooccurrence of bacteria and fungi in these soil niches as plant roots grow and senesce. With plant growth, we observed increasingly complex cooccurrence networks between nonmycorrhizal fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere, while mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) and bacterial cooccurrence was more pronounced in soil further from roots, in the presence of decaying root litter. This rarely documented phenomenon suggests niche sharing of nonmycorrhizal fungi and bacteria, versus niche partitioning between AMF and bacteria; both patterns are likely driven by C substrate availability and quality. Although the implications of species cooccurrence are fiercely debated, MAGs matching the bacterial nodes in our networks possess the functional potential to interact with the fungi that they are linked to, suggesting an ecological significance of fungal-bacterial cooccurrence patterns.

Dataset Information

Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.

Publications

Global patterns in endemicity and vulnerability of soil fungi.

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