Dataset Information

Regular cannabis use modulates the impact of HIV on the neural dynamics serving cognitive control.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cannabis use and HIV are independently associated with decrements in cognitive control. However, the combined effects of HIV and regular cannabis use on the brain circuitry serving higher-order cognition are unclear.

Aims

Investigate the interaction between cannabis and HIV on neural interference effects during the flanker task and spontaneous activity in regions underlying higher-order cognition.

Methods

The sample consisted of 100 participants, including people with HIV (PWH) who use cannabis, PWH who do not use cannabis, uninfected cannabis users, and uninfected nonusers. Participants underwent an interview regarding their substance use history and completed the Eriksen flanker task during magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG data were imaged in the time-frequency domain and oscillatory maps depicting the neural flanker interference effect were probed for group differences. Voxel time series were then assessed for group-level differences in spontaneous activity.

Results

Group differences in behavioral performance were identified along with group differences in theta and alpha neural interference responses in higher-order regions across the cortex, with nonusers with HIV generally exhibiting the most aberrant responses. Likewise, time series analyses indicated that nonusers with HIV also had significantly elevated spontaneous alpha activity in the left inferior frontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFC). Finally, we found that spontaneous and oscillatory alpha activity were significantly coupled in the inferior frontal cortex and dlPFC among cannabis users, but not nonusers.

Conclusions

Regular cannabis use appears to suppress the impact of HIV on spontaneous and oscillatory alpha deficits in the left inferior frontal cortex and dlPFC.

SUBMITTER: Schantell M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9835727 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Regular cannabis use modulates the impact of HIV on the neural dynamics serving cognitive control.

Schantell Mikki M Springer Seth D SD Arif Yasra Y Sandal Megan E ME Willett Madelyn P MP Johnson Hallie J HJ Okelberry Hannah J HJ O'Neill Jennifer L JL May Pamela E PE Bares Sara H SH Wilson Tony W TW

Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) 20221123 12

<h4>Background</h4>Cannabis use and HIV are independently associated with decrements in cognitive control. However, the combined effects of HIV and regular cannabis use on the brain circuitry serving higher-order cognition are unclear.<h4>Aims</h4>Investigate the interaction between cannabis and HIV on neural interference effects during the flanker task and spontaneous activity in regions underlying higher-order cognition.<h4>Methods</h4>The sample consisted of 100 participants, including people ...[more]

PMID: 36416285

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Project description:Despite its widespread use and popularity, cannabis is known to impact higher order cognitive processes such as attention and executive function. However, far less is known about the impact of chronic cannabis use on cognitive flexibility, a component of executive function, and this is especially true for the underlying functional connectivity dynamics. To address this, we enrolled 25 chronic cannabis users and 30 demographically matched non-users who completed an interview probing current and past substance use, a urinalysis to confirm self-reported substance use and a task-switch cognitive paradigm during magnetoencephalography (MEG). Time-frequency windows of interest were identified using a data-driven statistical approach, and spectrally specific neural oscillatory responses were imaged using a beamformer. The resulting maps were grand-averaged across all participants and conditions, and the peak voxels in these maps of neural oscillatory activity were used as seeds to compute connectivity using a whole-brain cortical-coherence approach. Whole-brain neural switch cost connectivity maps were then computed by subtracting the connectivity map for the no-switch condition from that of the switch condition per participant. These switch cost functional connectivity maps were then correlated with the behavioural switch cost per group and probed for group differences in the neuro-behavioural associations. Our behavioural results indicated that all participants had slower reaction times during switch compared to no-switch trials. Regarding the MEG data, cannabis users exhibited altered associations between functional connectivity switch costs and behavioural switch costs along pathways connecting visual cortices and regions in the ventral attention network, within the theta, alpha and gamma frequency ranges. These results indicate modified multispectral associations between functional connectivity and behavioural switch costs among visual cortices and key brain regions underlying executive function in cannabis users.

Project description:Regular cannabis use is associated with cortex-wide changes in spontaneous and oscillatory activity, although the functional significance of such changes remains unclear. We hypothesized that regular cannabis use would suppress spontaneous gamma activity in regions serving cognitive control and scale with task performance. Participants (34 cannabis users, 33 nonusers) underwent an interview regarding their substance use history and completed the Eriksen flanker task during magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG data were imaged in the time-frequency domain and virtual sensors were extracted from the peak voxels of the grand-averaged oscillatory interference maps to quantify spontaneous gamma activity during the pre-stimulus baseline period. We then assessed group-level differences in spontaneous and oscillatory gamma activity, and their relationship with task performance and cannabis use metrics. Both groups exhibited a significant behavioral flanker interference effect, with slower responses during incongruent relative to congruent trials. Mixed-model ANOVAs indicated significant gamma-frequency neural interference effects in the left frontal eye fields (FEF) and left temporoparietal junction (TPJ). Further, a group-by-condition interaction was detected in the left FEF, with nonusers exhibiting stronger gamma oscillations during incongruent relative to congruent trials and cannabis users showing no difference. In addition, spontaneous gamma activity was sharply suppressed in cannabis users relative to nonusers in the left FEF and TPJ. Finally, spontaneous gamma activity in the left FEF and TPJ was associated with task performance across all participants, and greater cannabis use was associated with weaker spontaneous gamma activity in the left TPJ of the cannabis users. Regular cannabis use was associated with weaker spontaneous gamma in the TPJ and FEF. Further, the degree of use may be proportionally related to the degree of suppression in spontaneous activity in the left TPJ.

Dataset Information

Regular cannabis use modulates the impact of HIV on the neural dynamics serving cognitive control.

Background

Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Regular cannabis use modulates the impact of HIV on the neural dynamics serving cognitive control.

Similar Datasets

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