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Cyto/myeloarchitecture of cortical gray matter and superficial white matter in early neurodevelopment: multimodal MRI study in preterm neonates.

ABSTRACT: The cerebral cortex undergoes rapid microstructural changes throughout the third trimester. Recently, there has been growing interest on imaging features that represent cyto/myeloarchitecture underlying intracortical myelination, cortical gray matter (GM), and its adjacent superficial whitematter (sWM). Using 92 magnetic resonance imaging scans from 78 preterm neonates, the current study used combined T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) intensity ratio and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measurements, including fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), to characterize the developing cyto/myeloarchitectural architecture. DTI metrics showed a linear trajectory: FA decreased in GM but increased in sWM with time; and MD decreased in both GM and sWM. Conversely, T1w/T2w measurements showed a distinctive parabolic trajectory, revealing additional cyto/myeloarchitectural signature inferred. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal courses were regionally heterogeneous: central, ventral, and temporal regions of GM and sWM exhibited faster T1w/T2w changes; anterior sWM areas exhibited faster FA increases; and central and cingulate areas in GM and sWM exhibited faster MD decreases. These results may explain cyto/myeloarchitectural processes, including dendritic arborization, synaptogenesis, glial proliferation, and radial glial cell organization and apoptosis. Finally, T1w/T2w values were significantly associated with 1-year language and cognitive outcome scores, while MD significantly decreased with intraventricular hemorrhage.

SUBMITTER: Yuan S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9837610 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cyto/myeloarchitecture of cortical gray matter and superficial white matter in early neurodevelopment: multimodal MRI study in preterm neonates.

Yuan Shiyu S Liu Mengting M Kim Sharon S Yang Jingda J Barkovich Anthony James AJ Xu Duan D Kim Hosung H

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 20221201 2

The cerebral cortex undergoes rapid microstructural changes throughout the third trimester. Recently, there has been growing interest on imaging features that represent cyto/myeloarchitecture underlying intracortical myelination, cortical gray matter (GM), and its adjacent superficial whitematter (sWM). Using 92 magnetic resonance imaging scans from 78 preterm neonates, the current study used combined T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) intensity ratio and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measuremen ...[more]

PMID: 35235643

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Project description:BackgroundA very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants is associated with an increased risk of impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this study, we investigated how neonatal brain metabolite concentrations changed with postmenstrual age and examined the relationship between changes in concentration (slopes) and neurodevelopmental level at 3-4 years.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 108 VLBW preterm infants who had brain single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 34-42 weeks' postmenstrual age. Neurodevelopment was assessed using a developmental test, and subjects were classified into four groups: developmental quotient <70, 70-84, 85-100, and >100. One-way analyses of covariance and multiple-comparison post hoc tests were used to compare slopes.ResultsWe observed correlations between postmenstrual age and the concentrations of N-acetylaspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA) (p < 0.001); creatine and phosphocreatine (p < 0.001); glutamate and glutamine (p < 0.001); and myo-inositol (p = 0.049) in the deep gray matter; and tNAA (p < 0.001) in the centrum semiovale. A significant interaction was noted among the tNAA slopes of the four groups in the deep gray matter (p = 0.022), and we found a significant difference between the <70 and 85-100 groups (post hoc, p = 0.024).ConclusionsIn VLBW preterm infants, the slopes of tNAA concentrations (adjusted for postmenstrual age) were associated with lower developmental quotients at 3-4 years.ImpactIn very-low-birth-weight preterm-born infants, a slower increase in tNAA brain concentration at term-equivalent age was associated with poorer developmental outcomes at 3-4 years. The increase in tNAA concentration in very-low-birth-weight infants was slower in poorer developmental outcomes, and changes in tNAA concentration appeared to be more critical than changes in tCho for predicting developmental delays. While tNAA/tCho ratios were previously used to examine the correlation with neurodevelopment at 1-2 years, we used brain metabolite concentrations.

Dataset Information

Cyto/myeloarchitecture of cortical gray matter and superficial white matter in early neurodevelopment: multimodal MRI study in preterm neonates.

Publications

Cyto/myeloarchitecture of cortical gray matter and superficial white matter in early neurodevelopment: multimodal MRI study in preterm neonates.

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