Dataset Information

Dynamics of Viral and Host 3D Genome Structure upon Infection.

ABSTRACT: Eukaryotic chromatin is highly organized in the 3D nuclear space and dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli. This genomic organization is arranged in a hierarchical fashion to support various cellular functions, including transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Like other host cellular mechanisms, viral pathogens utilize and modulate host chromatin architecture and its regulatory machinery to control features of their life cycle, such as lytic versus latent status. Combined with previous research focusing on individual loci, recent global genomic studies employing conformational assays coupled with high-throughput sequencing technology have informed models for host and, in some cases, viral 3D chromosomal structure re-organization during infection and the contribution of these alterations to virus-mediated diseases. Here, we review recent discoveries and progress in host and viral chromatin structural dynamics during infection, focusing on a subset of DNA (human herpesviruses and HPV) as well as RNA (HIV, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2) viruses. An understanding of how host and viral genomic structure affect gene expression in both contexts and ultimately viral pathogenesis can facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

SUBMITTER: Friedman MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9843816 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Dynamics of Viral and Host 3D Genome Structure upon Infection.

Friedman Meyer J MJ Lee Haram H Kwon Young-Chan YC Oh Soohwan S

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology 20220930 12

Eukaryotic chromatin is highly organized in the 3D nuclear space and dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli. This genomic organization is arranged in a hierarchical fashion to support various cellular functions, including transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Like other host cellular mechanisms, viral pathogens utilize and modulate host chromatin architecture and its regulatory machinery to control features of their life cycle, such as lytic versus latent status. Com ...[more]

PMID: 36398441

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundGrapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the most detrimental viral pathogens of grapevines worldwide but no information is available on its effect on the root system architecture (RSA) of plant hosts. We used two wildtype GFLV strains and their single amino acid mutants to assess RSA traits in infected Nicotiana benthamiana and evaluate transcriptomic changes in host root gene expression in replicated time course 3'RNA-Seq experiments. Mutations targeted the multi-functional GFLV-encoded protein 1EPol*/Sd, a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and determinant of foliar symptoms in N. benthamiana plants.ResultsPlant infection with wildtype GFLV strain GHu and mutant GFLV strain F13 1EPol G802K, both carrying a lysine in position 802 of protein 1EPol*/Sd, resulted in a significantly lower number of root tips (-30%), and a significantly increased average root diameter (+ 20%) at 17 days post inoculation (dpi) in comparison with roots of mock inoculated plants. In contrast, the RSA of plants infected with wildtype GFLV strain F13 and mutant GFLV strain GHu 1EPol K802G, both carrying a glycine in position 802 of protein 1EPol*/Sd, resembled that of mock inoculated plants. Modifications of RSA traits were not associated with GFLV titer. Root tissue transcriptome analysis at 17 dpi indicated dysregulation of pattern recognition receptors, plant hormones, RNA silencing, and genes related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). For wildtype GFLV strain GHu, RSA modifications were correlated with an abundant accumulation of ROS in the pericycle of primary roots at 7 dpi and the duration of vein clearing symptom expression in apical leaves. Dysegulation of a hypersensitive response was an overarching gene ontology found through enrichment analyses of 3'RNA-Seq data.ConclusionsOur findings revealed the causative role of lysine in position 802 of protein 1EPol*/Sd in a novel RSA phenotype during viral infection and documented GFLV-N. benthamiana interactions at the root level based on (i) antiviral response, (ii) receptor mediated production of ROS, and (iii) hormone regulation. A correlation between above and below ground symptoms was reported for the first time in plants infected with wildtype GFLV strain GHu. Further work is warranted to test whether the modified RSA of a plant host might impact GFLV acquisition and transmission by the ectoparasitic dagger nematode Xiphinema index.

Dataset Information

Dynamics of Viral and Host 3D Genome Structure upon Infection.

Publications

Dynamics of Viral and Host 3D Genome Structure upon Infection.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets