Dataset Information

Sequence and structural similarities of ACCase protein of Phalaris minor and wheat: An insight to explain herbicide selectivity.

ABSTRACT: Uncontrolled growth of Phalaris minor in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop has remained a problem, leading to a massive reduction in wheat grain production. Herbicides have been used to control the weed, which leads to the development of frequent resistance in P. minor and mutant biotypes were also reported (Trp2027Cys and Ile2041Asn). Development of resistance enforced agro researchers to analyses the action of herbicide on P. minor. In this study, the sequence and structure of P. minor and T. aestivum Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACCase) have been analysed to locate the differences in their sequence and structure and to formulate a plausible explanation of the selectivity of herbicides which may help in the rationale discovery of noble herbicides. The sequence and 3D structure analysis of weed and wheat ACCase indicate minute differences in the distantly located amino acid residues. However, proteins are conserved at the binding site of herbicides with no mutation at the catalytic site. Analysis indicates that herbicides selectively target P. minor ACCase might be due to unknown other reasons, but not due to differences in their protein sequence and structure.

SUBMITTER: Rajak BK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9845919 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sequence and structural similarities of ACCase protein of Phalaris minor and wheat: An insight to explain herbicide selectivity.

Rajak Bikash Kumar BK Rani Priyanka P Singh Nitesh N Singh Durg Vijay DV

Frontiers in plant science 20230104

Uncontrolled growth of Phalaris minor in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop has remained a problem, leading to a massive reduction in wheat grain production. Herbicides have been used to control the weed, which leads to the development of frequent resistance in P. minor and mutant biotypes were also reported (Trp2027Cys and Ile2041Asn). Development of resistance enforced agro researchers to analyses the action of herbicide on P. minor. In this study, the sequence and ...[more]

PMID: 36684777

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Project description:Hood canarygrass (Phalaris paradoxa L.) is a problematic weed in winter crops of Australia. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of environmental factors on seed germination of P. paradoxa and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and herbicide options for P. paradoxa control. Results revealed that P. paradoxa had higher germination (> 89%) at a temperature range from 15/5 ℃ to 25/15 ℃ [day/night (12 h/12 h] compared with 30/20 ℃ and 35/25 ℃. At a temperature regime of 30/20 ℃, P. paradoxa had 1% germination; however, wheat at this temperature range resulted in 79% germination. Exposure of seeds of P. paradoxa to > 150 ℃ pretreatment (radiant heat for 5 min) resulted in no germination. These results suggest that infestation of P. paradoxa could be reduced by residue burning or by planting wheat crops early in the season when the temperature is relatively high. At a water potential of -0.8 MPa, seed germination of P. paradoxa and wheat was 75 and 96%, respectively. Similarly, at the highest salt concentration (200 mM sodium chloride), seed germination of P. paradoxa and wheat was 73 and 79%, respectively. These observations suggest that like wheat, P. paradoxa is also highly tolerant to water and salt stress conditions, therefore, it could invade the agro-ecosystem under water and salt stress situations. Germination of P. paradoxa was found to be low (10%) on the soil surface, suggesting that no-till systems could inhibit the germination of P. paradoxa. Pre-emergent (PRE) herbicides, namely cinmethylin, pyroxasulfone, and trifluralin, provided 100% control of P. paradoxa; however, in the presence of 2 t ha-1 of residue cover, pyroxasulfone provided better control of P. paradoxa compared with other herbicides. Post-emergent (POST) herbicides clethodim, haloxyfop, and paraquat provided excellent control of P. paradoxa, even if the plant size was large (10-leaf stage). Knowledge generated from this study will help in strengthening the integrated management of P. paradoxa.

Project description:Rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) is one of the most troublesome weeds in Moroccan and Tunisian cereal crop fields. In total, 19 rigid ryegrass field populations were randomly selected in northern wheat crop areas of Morocco and Tunisia to examine the patterns of herbicide resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)- and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. Greenhouse experiments confirmed reduced sensitivity to ALS- and/or ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in all L. rigidum populations. The occurrence of target-site resistance (TSR) was tested using high-throughput genotyping. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled easy identification of causal mutations and confirmed the presence of ALS and ACCase mutations at specific codons conferring TSR. Thirteen populations showed resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides associated with point mutations in positions Pro-197-Thr, Pro-197-Ser, Pro-197-Leu, Pro-197-Gln and Trp-574-Leu, while resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides was detected in 18 populations in positions Asp-2078-Val, Trp-2027-Cys, Ile-1781-Leu, Gly-2096-Ala, and Ile-2041-Asn of the enzymes conferring TSR. Additionally, dose-response experiments with pyroxsulam applied after the inhibition of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase by malathion showed an increase in sensitivity in two out of seven highly resistant (HR) rigid ryegrass populations. This demonstrates the presence of non-target-site resistance (NTSR) in some ryegrass populations. Further evidence of NTSR was investigated in dose-response experiments with pyroxsulam, following pretreatment with the glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD-Cl), which partially reversed resistance in only a few individuals of two L. rigidum populations. Hence, our study confirms the existence of multiple and cross-resistance to ALS- and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in L. rigidum from Morocco and Tunisia with both TSR and NTSR mechanisms. These results emphasize local resistance management as an important tool to detect and mitigate gene flow from rigid ryegrass populations where resistance has evolved.

Dataset Information

Sequence and structural similarities of ACCase protein of Phalaris minor and wheat: An insight to explain herbicide selectivity.

Publications

Sequence and structural similarities of ACCase protein of <i>Phalaris minor</i> and wheat: An insight to explain herbicide selectivity.

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