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The intelligent modelling and optimization of an economic and ecosystem-friendly model for grid connected prosumer community.

ABSTRACT: The establishment of grid-connected prosumer communities to bridge the demand-supply gap in developing nations, especially in rural areas will assist to minimize the use of carbon enriched fossil fuels and the resulting economic pressure. In the promoted study, an economic and ecosystem-friendly hybrid energy model is proposed for grid-connected prosumer community of 147 houses in district Kotli, AJK. The grid search algorithm-based HOMER software is used to simulate and analyze the load demand and biomass sources-based onsite collected data through a survey for an optimal proposed design. The research objectives are to minimize the net present cost (USD) of design, the per unit cost of energy (USD/kWh), and the carbon emissions (kgs/year). A sensitivity analysis based on photovoltaic module lifetime is also performed. The simulations show that the per unit cost of energy is reduced from 0.1 USD/kWh to 0.001 USD/kWh for the annual energy demand (kWh/year) of the community. The number of carbon emissions is also minimized from 122056 kgs/year to 1628 kgs/year through the proposed optimal energy model.

SUBMITTER: Mussadiq U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9858460 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The intelligent modelling and optimization of an economic and ecosystem-friendly model for grid connected prosumer community.

Mussadiq Usman U Ahmed Saeed S Sajid Muhammad M Elkamchouch Dalia H DH Hussain Lal L Gaddah Abdulbaset A Al-Wesabi Fahd N FN Hilal Anwer Mustafa AM

PloS one 20230120 1

The establishment of grid-connected prosumer communities to bridge the demand-supply gap in developing nations, especially in rural areas will assist to minimize the use of carbon enriched fossil fuels and the resulting economic pressure. In the promoted study, an economic and ecosystem-friendly hybrid energy model is proposed for grid-connected prosumer community of 147 houses in district Kotli, AJK. The grid search algorithm-based HOMER software is used to simulate and analyze the load demand ...[more]

PMID: 36662811

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Project description:The lack of control in voltage overshoot, transient response, and steady state error are major issues that are frequently encountered in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, resulting in poor power quality performance and damages to the overall power system. This paper presents the performance of a control strategy for an inverter in a three-phase grid-connected PV system. The system consists of a PV panel, a boost converter, a DC link, an inverter, and a resistor-inductor (RL) filter and is connected to the utility grid through a voltage source inverter. The main objective of the proposed strategy is to improve the power quality performance of the three-phase grid-connected inverter system by optimising the proportional-integral (PI) controller. Such a strategy aims to reduce the DC link input voltage fluctuation, decrease the harmonics, and stabilise the output current, voltage, frequency, and power flow. The particle swarm optimisation (PSO) technique was implemented to tune the PI controller parameters by minimising the error of the voltage regulator and current controller schemes in the inverter system. The system model and control strategies were implemented using MATLAB/Simulink environment (Version 2020A) Simscape-Power system toolbox. Results show that the proposed strategy outperformed other reported research works with total harmonic distortion (THD) at a grid voltage and current of 0.29% and 2.72%, respectively, and a transient response time of 0.1853s. Compared to conventional systems, the PI controller with PSO-based optimization provides less voltage overshoot by 11.1% while reducing the time to reach equilibrium state by 32.6%. The consideration of additional input parameters and the optimization of input parameters were identified to be the two main factors that contribute to the significant improvements in power quality control. Therefore, the proposed strategy effectively enhances the power quality of the utility grid, and such an enhancement contributes to the efficient and smooth integration of the PV system.

Project description:BackgroundUp until the present, pyrethroid-treated bed nets have been a key tool for vector control in the fight against malaria. A global system that sets standards and facilitates procurement has successfully driven down the price of these bed nets to enable more of them to be distributed. As a result of their mass rollout, malaria cases have been significantly reduced, but pyrethroid resistance is now widespread. Going forward, new insecticides have been and continue to be developed for use on bed nets, but it is unclear how to best deploy them for maximum impact.MethodsHere, an app for the optimization of bed nets based on their insecticide loading concentration and deployment lifespan is presented. Underlying the app are simple models that incorporate the chemical and physical properties of bed nets, and the genetic and ecological properties of resistance evolution in mosquitoes. Where possible, default parameter values are fitted from experimental data. The app numerically searches across a massive number of these simple models with variable loading and lifespan to find their optima under different criteria that constrain the options for vector control.ResultsThe app is not intended to provide a definite answer about the best bed net design, but allows for the quantative exploration of trade-offs and constraints under different conditions. Here, results for the deployment of a new insecticide are explored under default parameter values across public health budgets for the purchase of bed nets. Optimization can lead to substantial gains in the average control of the mosquito population, and these gains are comparatively greater with lower budgets. Whilst optimizing a bed net within the constraints of the incentives of the existing system of standards and procurement leads to substantially greater control than not optimizing the bed net, optimizing the bed net without constraints leads to yet substantially greater control. The most important factor in this optimization is coverage, which depends on the price per bed net. With this in mind, it is unsurprising that the optimization for plausible budgets suggests that a pyrethroid would be the preferred partner for a new insecticide under current constraints because it is cost-effective in the balance of being less expensive than the new insecticide but also less effective due to pre-existing resistance. Surprisingly, a pyrethroid is shown to be an effective partner for a new insecticide in this model because of its contribution to resistance management in delaying the onset of resistance to the new insecticide.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of trade-offs in the design of bed nets for vector control. Further, it suggests that there are challenges in the roll-out of bed nets with new insecticides because of the constraints imposed by the global system of standards and procurement, which currently fails to adequately incentivize important considerations in bed net design like resistance management.

Dataset Information

The intelligent modelling and optimization of an economic and ecosystem-friendly model for grid connected prosumer community.

Publications

The intelligent modelling and optimization of an economic and ecosystem-friendly model for grid connected prosumer community.

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