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Reflectionless programmable signal routers.

ABSTRACT: We demonstrate experimentally that reflectionless scattering modes (RSMs), a generalized version of coherent perfect absorption, can be functionalized to perform reflectionless programmable signal routing. We achieve versatile programmability both in terms of operating frequencies and routing functionality with negligible reflection upon in-coupling, which avoids unwanted signal power echoes in radio frequency or photonic networks. We report in situ observations of routing functionalities like wavelength demultiplexing, including cases where multichannel excitation requires adapted coherent input wavefronts. All experiments are performed in the microwave domain based on the same irregularly shaped cavity with strong modal overlap that is massively parametrized by a 304-element-programmable metasurface. RSMs in our highly overdamped multiresonance transport problem are fundamentally intriguing because the simple critical coupling picture for reflectionless excitation of isolated resonances fails spectacularly. We show in simulation that the distribution of damping rates of scattering singularities broadens under strong absorption so that weakly damped zeros can be tuned toward functionalized RSMs.

SUBMITTER: Sol J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9876551 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Reflectionless programmable signal routers.

Sol Jérôme J Alhulaymi Ali A Stone A Douglas AD Del Hougne Philipp P

Science advances 20230125 4

We demonstrate experimentally that reflectionless scattering modes (RSMs), a generalized version of coherent perfect absorption, can be functionalized to perform reflectionless programmable signal routing. We achieve versatile programmability both in terms of operating frequencies and routing functionality with negligible reflection upon in-coupling, which avoids unwanted signal power echoes in radio frequency or photonic networks. We report in situ observations of routing functionalities like w ...[more]

PMID: 36696503

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Project description:BackgroundThere is an unmet need to monitor human and natural environments for substances that are intentionally or unintentionally introduced. A long-sought goal is to adapt plants to sense and respond to specific substances for use as environmental monitors. Computationally re-designed periplasmic binding proteins (PBPs) provide a means to design highly sensitive and specific ligand sensing capabilities in receptors. Input from these proteins can be linked to gene expression through histidine kinase (HK) mediated signaling. Components of HK signaling systems are evolutionarily conserved between bacteria and plants. We previously reported that in response to cytokinin-mediated HK activation in plants, the bacterial response regulator PhoB translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription. Also, we previously described a plant visual response system, the de-greening circuit, a threshold sensitive reporter system that produces a visual response which is remotely detectable and quantifiable.Methodology/principal findingsWe describe assembly and function of a complete synthetic signal transduction pathway in plants that links input from computationally re-designed PBPs to a visual response. To sense extracellular ligands, we targeted the computational re-designed PBPs to the apoplast. PBPs bind the ligand and develop affinity for the extracellular domain of a chemotactic protein, Trg. We experimentally developed Trg fusions proteins, which bind the ligand-PBP complex, and activate intracellular PhoR, the HK cognate of PhoB. We then adapted Trg-PhoR fusions for function in plants showing that in the presence of an external ligand PhoB translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription. We linked this input to the de-greening circuit creating a detector plant.Conclusions/significanceOur system is modular and PBPs can theoretically be designed to bind most small molecules. Hence our system, with improvements, may allow plants to serve as a simple and inexpensive means to monitor human surroundings for substances such as pollutants, explosives, or chemical agents.

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Reflectionless programmable signal routers.

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Reflectionless programmable signal routers.

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