Dataset Information

Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic/Latino population: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

ABSTRACT: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is used to evaluate kidney function and determine the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a highly prevalent disease in the US¹ ^, ² ^, ³ that varies among subgroups of Hispanic/Latino individuals.⁴ ^, ⁵ The polygenic risk score (PRS) is a popular method that uses large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to provide a strong estimate of disease risk.⁷ However, due to the limited availability of summary statistics from GWAS meta-analyses based on Hispanic/Latino populations, PRSs can only be computed using different ancestry GWASs. The performance of eGFR PRSs derived from other GWAS reference populations for Hispanic/Latino population has not been examined. We compared PRS constructions for eGFR prediction in Hispanic/Latino individuals using GWAS-significant variants, clumping and thresholding (C&T),⁸ and PRS-CS,²² as well as a combination of PRSs calculated with different reference GWAS meta-analyses from European and multi-ethnic studies in Hispanic/Latino individuals from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). All eGFR PRSs were highly associated with eGFR (p < 1E-20). Additionally, eGFR PRSs were significantly associated with lower risk of prevalent CKD at visit 1 or 2 and incident CKD at visit 2, with the combined PRSs having the best performance. These PRS findings were replicated in an additional dataset of Hispanic/Latino individuals using data from the Women's Health Initiative SNP Health Association Resource (WHI-SHARe).¹⁷.

SUBMITTER: Zhou LY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9894917 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic/Latino population: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Zhou Laura Y LY Sofer Tamar T Horimoto Andrea R V R ARVR Talavera Gregory A GA Lash James P JP Cai Jianwen J Franceschini Nora N

HGG advances 20230113 2

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is used to evaluate kidney function and determine the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a highly prevalent disease in the US1 , 2 , 3 that varies among subgroups of Hispanic/Latino individuals.4 , 5 The polygenic risk score (PRS) is a popular method that uses large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to provide a strong estimate of disease risk.7</s ...[more]

PMID: 36741942

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Project description:BackgroundHispanics are a heterogeneous group of individuals with a variation in dietary habits that is reflective of their cultural heritage and country of origin. It is important to identify differences in their dietary habits because it has been well established that nutrition contributes substantially to the burden of preventable diseases and early deaths in the United States.ObjectiveWe estimated the distribution of usual intakes (of both food groups and nutrients) by Hispanic and Latino backgrounds by using National Cancer Institute methodology.DesignThe Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a population-based cohort study that recruited participants who were 18-74 y of age from 4 US cities in 2008-2011 (Miami, Bronx, Chicago, and San Diego). Participants who provided at least one 24-h dietary recall and completed a food propensity questionnaire (n = 13,285) were included in the analyses. Results were adjusted for age, sex, field center, weekend, sequencing, and typical amount of intake.ResultsOverall, Cubans (n = 2128) had higher intakes of total energy, macronutrients (including all subtypes of fat), and alcohol than those of other groups. Mexicans (n = 5371) had higher intakes of vitamin C, calcium, and fiber. Lowest intakes of total energy, macronutrients, folate, iron, and calcium were reported by Dominicans (n = 1217), whereas Puerto Ricans (n = 2176) had lowest intakes of vitamin C and fiber. Food-group servings reflected nutrient intakes, with Cubans having higher intakes of refined grains, vegetables, red meat, and fats and Dominicans having higher intakes of fruit and poultry, whereas Puerto Ricans had lowest intakes of fruit and vegetables. Central and South Americans (n = 1468 and 925, respectively) were characterized by being second in their reported intakes of fruit and poultry and the highest in fish intake in comparison with other groups.ConclusionVariations in diet noted in this study, with additional analysis, may help explain diet-related differences in health outcomes observed in Hispanics and Latinos.

Project description:BackgroundHispanics and Latinos are an ethnically heterogeneous population with distinct oral health risk profiles. Few study investigators have examined potential variation in the burden of periodontitis according to Hispanic or Latino background.MethodsThe authors used a multicenter longitudinal population-based cohort study to examine the periodontal health status at screening (2008-2011) of 14,006 Hispanic and Latino adults, aged 18 to 74 years, from four U.S. communities who self-identified as Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central American or South American. The authors present weighted, age-standardized prevalence estimates and corrected standard errors of probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL) and periodontitis classified according to the case definition established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP). The authors used a Wald χ(2) test to compare prevalence estimates across Hispanic or Latino background, age and sex.ResultsFifty-one percent of all participants had exhibited total periodontitis (mild, moderate or severe) per the CDC-AAP classification. Cubans and Central Americans exhibited the highest prevalence of moderate periodontitis (39.9 percent and 37.2 percent, respectively). Across all ages, Mexicans had the highest prevalence of PD across severity thresholds. Among those aged 18 through 44 years, Dominicans consistently had the lowest prevalence of AL at all severity thresholds.ConclusionsMeasures of periodontitis varied significantly by age, sex and Hispanic or Latino background among the four sampled Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos communities. Further analyses are needed to account for lifestyle, behavioral, demographic and social factors, including those related to acculturation.Practical implicationsAggregating Hispanics and Latinos or using estimates from Mexicans may lead to substantial underestimation or overestimation of the burden of disease, thus leading to errors in the estimation of needed clinical and public health resources. This information will be useful in informing decisions from public health planning to patient-centered risk assessment.

Dataset Information

Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic/Latino population: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Publications

Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic/Latino population: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

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