Dataset Information

Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails.

ABSTRACT: Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning.

SUBMITTER: Potapov AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9905565 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails.

Potapov Anton M AM Guerra Carlos A CA van den Hoogen Johan J Babenko Anatoly A Bellini Bruno C BC Berg Matty P MP Chown Steven L SL Deharveng Louis L Kováč Ľubomír Ľ Kuznetsova Natalia A NA Ponge Jean-François JF Potapov Mikhail B MB Russell David J DJ Alexandre Douglas D Alatalo Juha M JM Arbea Javier I JI Bandyopadhyaya Ipsa I Bernava Verónica V Bokhorst Stef S Bolger Thomas T Castaño-Meneses Gabriela G Chauvat Matthieu M Chen Ting-Wen TW Chomel Mathilde M Classen Aimee T AT Cortet Jerome J Čuchta Peter P Manuela de la Pedrosa Ana A Ferreira Susana S D SSD Fiera Cristina C Filser Juliane J Franken Oscar O Fujii Saori S Koudji Essivi Gagnon EG Gao Meixiang M Gendreau-Berthiaume Benoit B Gomez-Pamies Diego F DF Greve Michelle M Tanya Handa I I Heiniger Charlène C Holmstrup Martin M Homet Pablo P Ivask Mari M Janion-Scheepers Charlene C Jochum Malte M Joimel Sophie S Claudia S Jorge Bruna B Jucevica Edite E Ferlian Olga O Iuñes de Oliveira Filho Luís Carlos LC Klauberg-Filho Osmar O Baretta Dilmar D Krab Eveline J EJ Kuu Annely A de Lima Estevam C A ECA Lin Dunmei D Lindo Zoe Z Liu Amy A Lu Jing-Zhong JZ Luciañez María José MJ Marx Michael T MT McCary Matthew A MA Minor Maria A MA Nakamori Taizo T Negri Ilaria I Ochoa-Hueso Raúl R Palacios-Vargas José G JG Pollierer Melanie M MM Querner Pascal P Raschmanová Natália N Rashid Muhammad Imtiaz MI Raymond-Léonard Laura J LJ Rousseau Laurent L Saifutdinov Ruslan A RA Salmon Sandrine S Sayer Emma J EJ Scheunemann Nicole N Scholz Cornelia C Seeber Julia J Shveenkova Yulia B YB Stebaeva Sophya K SK Sterzynska Maria M Sun Xin X Susanti Winda I WI Taskaeva Anastasia A AA Thakur Madhav P MP Tsiafouli Maria A MA Turnbull Matthew S MS Twala Mthokozisi N MN Uvarov Alexei V AV Venier Lisa A LA Widenfalk Lina A LA Winck Bruna R BR Winkler Daniel D Wu Donghui D Xie Zhijing Z Yin Rui R Zeppelini Douglas D Crowther Thomas W TW Eisenhauer Nico N Scheu Stefan S

Nature communications 20230207 1

Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threef ...[more]

PMID: 36750574

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Project description:The Mycoplasma synoviae live attenuated vaccine strain MS-H (Vaxsafe MS; Bioproperties Pty., Ltd., Australia) is commonly used around the world to prevent chronic infections caused by M. synoviae in birds and to minimize economic losses in the poultry industry. MS-H is a temperature-sensitive strain that is generated via the chemical mutagenesis of a virulent M. synoviae isolate, 86079/7NS. 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms have been found in the genome of MS-H compared to that of 86079/7NS, including 25 in predicted coding sequences (CDSs). There is limited information on the stability of these mutations in MS-H in vitro during the propagation of the vaccine manufacturing process or in vivo after the vaccination of chickens. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of MS-H genomes after in vitro and in vivo passages under different circumstances. Studying the dynamics of the MS-H population can provide insights into the factors that potentially affect the health of vaccinated birds. The genomes of 11 in vitro laboratory passages and 138 MS-H bird reisolates contained a total of 254 sequence variations. Of these, 39 variations associated with CDSs were detected in more than one genome (range = 2 to 62, median = 2.5), suggesting that these sequences are particularly prone to mutations. From the 25 CDSs containing previously characterized variations between MS-H and 86079/7NS, 7 were identified in the MS-H reisolates and progenies examined here. In conclusion, the MS-H genome contains individual regions that are prone to mutations that enable the restoration of the genotype or the phenotype of wild-type 86079/7NS in those regions. However, accumulated mutations in these regions are rare. IMPORTANCE Preventative measures, such as vaccination, are commonly used for the control of mycoplasmal infections in poultry. A live attenuated vaccine strain (Vaxsafe MS; MS-H; Bioproperties Pty. Ltd., Australia) is used for the prevention of disease caused by M. synoviae in many countries. However, information on the stability of previously characterized mutations in the MS-H genome is limited. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the whole-genome sequences of MS-H seeds used for vaccine manufacturing, commercial batches of the vaccine, cultures minimally passaged under small-scale laboratory and large-scale manufacturing conditions, MS-H reisolated from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens that were vaccinated under controlled conditions, and MS-H reisolated from vaccinated commercial poultry flocks around the world. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of genome stability in MS-H after in vitro and in vivo passages under different circumstances and suggests that most of the mutations in the attenuated MS-H vaccine strain are stable.

Dataset Information

Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails.

Publications

Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails.

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