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Beta-coronaviruses exploit cellular stress responses by modulating TFEB and TFE3 activity.

ABSTRACT: Beta-coronaviruses have emerged as a severe threat to global health. Undercovering the interplay between host and beta-coronaviruses is essential for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing efficient treatments. Here we report that the transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus in response to beta-coronavirus infection by a mechanism that requires activation of calcineurin phosphatase. In the nucleus, TFEB and TFE3 bind to the promoter of multiple lysosomal and immune genes. Accordingly, MHV-induced upregulation of immune regulators is significantly decreased in TFEB/TFE3-depleted cells. Conversely, over-expression of either TFEB or TFE3 is sufficient to increase expression of several cytokines and chemokines. The reduced immune response observed in the absence of TFEB and TFE3 results in increased cellular survival of infected cells but also in reduced lysosomal exocytosis and decreased viral infectivity. These results suggest a central role of TFEB and TFE3 in cellular response to beta-coronavirus infection.

SUBMITTER: Contreras PS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9908431 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Beta-coronaviruses exploit cellular stress responses by modulating TFEB and TFE3 activity.

Contreras Pablo S PS Tapia Pablo J PJ Jeong Eutteum E Ghosh Sourish S Altan-Bonnet Nihal N Puertollano Rosa R

iScience 20230209 3

Beta-coronaviruses have emerged as a severe threat to global health. Undercovering the interplay between host and beta-coronaviruses is essential for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing efficient treatments. Here we report that the transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus in response to beta-coronavirus infection by a mechanism that requires activation of calcineurin phosphatase. In the nucleus, TFEB and TFE3 bind to the promoter of multiple l ...[more]

PMID: 36785787

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Project description:The accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in multiple neurodegenerative diseases is associated with defects in the macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosome pathway. The amelioration of disease phenotypes across multiple models of neurodegeneration can be achieved through modulating the master regulator of lysosome function, TFEB (transcription factor EB). Using a novel multi-parameter high-throughput screen for cytoplasmic:nuclear translocation of endogenous TFEB and the related transcription factor TFE3, we screened the Published Kinase Inhibitor Set 2 (PKIS2) library as proof of principle and to identify kinase regulators of TFEB and TFE3. Given that TFEB and TFE3 are responsive to cellular stress we have established assays for cellular toxicity and lysosomal function, critical to ensuring the identification of hit compounds with only positive effects on lysosome activity. In addition to AKT inhibitors which regulate TFEB localization, we identified a series of quinazoline-derivative compounds that induced TFEB and TFE3 translocation. A novel series of structurally-related analogs was developed, and several compounds induced TFEB and TFE3 translocation at higher potency than previously screened compounds. KINOMEscan and cell-based KiNativ kinase profiling revealed high binding for the PRKD (protein kinase D) family of kinases, suggesting good selectivity for these compounds. We describe and utilize a cellular target-validation platform using CRISPRi knockdown and orthogonal PRKD inhibitors to demonstrate that the activity of these compounds is independent of PRKD inhibition. The more potent analogs induced subsequent upregulation of the CLEAR gene network and cleared pathological HTT protein in a cellular model of proteinopathy, demonstrating their potential to alleviate neurodegeneration-relevant phenotypes. Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer disease; AK: adenylate kinase; CLEAR: coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation; CQ: chloroquine; HD: Huntington disease; PD: Parkinson disease; PKIS2: Published Kinase Inhibitor Set 2; PRKD: protein kinase D; TFEB: transcription factor EB.

Dataset Information

Beta-coronaviruses exploit cellular stress responses by modulating TFEB and TFE3 activity.

Publications

Beta-coronaviruses exploit cellular stress responses by modulating TFEB and TFE3 activity.

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