Stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Genereux P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9912968 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Généreux Philippe P Giustino Gennaro G
EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology 20220722 4
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7451866 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a rapidly growing field. Short-term safety and efficacy of these procedures have been studied extensively. However, little is known about the safety of these devices over time. Stroke is one feared long-term complication, and an increased stroke rate could affect guidelines for treating both the aortic stenosis and choosing antithrombotic therapy after TAVR. The primary objective was to study the incidence of stroke up to 8 years after TAVR implantation, comparing it with the risk of stroke in the general population. Secondary objectives were to study risk factors for late stroke and to study outcomes after stroke. A nationwide, all-comers study of patients who underwent TAVR in Sweden 2008-2018 was performed. The study was based on data from three national registries: a TAVR registry, a stroke registry, and a diagnosis registry. The main outcome was stroke incidence 30-days or more after TAVR implantation and was compared to a standardized incidence. The annual risk for stroke varied between 2.0% and 3.1% as compared to 1.5% and 1.9% in an age- and sex-matched cohort. Risk factors for developing stroke were reduced renal function, diabetes, history of stroke, age, and male sex. The 1-year mortality after stroke was 44%. This study demonstrated an increased rate of stroke after TAVR, but the findings suggest that this can in part be attributed to the group's higher frequency of pre-disposing risk factors.
| S-EPMC8100158 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceReducing postprocedural stroke is important to improve the safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).ObjectiveThis study evaluated the trends of stroke occurring within 30 days after the procedure during the first 5 years TAVR was used in the United States, the association of stroke with 30-day mortality, and the association of medical therapy with 30-day stroke risk.Design, setting, and participantsRetrospective cohort study including 101 430 patients who were treated with femoral and nonfemoral TAVR at 521 US hospitals in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapies Registry from November 9, 2011, through May 31, 2017. Thirty-day follow-up ended June 30, 2017.ExposuresTAVR.Main outcomes and measuresThe rates of 30-day transient ischemic attack and stroke were assessed. Association of stroke with 30-day mortality and association of antithrombotic medical therapies with postdischarge 30-day stroke were assessed with a Cox proportional hazards model and propensity-score matching, respectively.ResultsAmong 101 430 patients included in the study (median age, 83 years [interquartile range {IQR}, 76-87 years]; 47 797 women [47.1%]; and 85 147 patients [83.9%] treated via femoral access), 30-day postprocedure follow-up data was assessed in all patients. At day 30, there were 2290 patients (2.3%) with a stroke of any kind (95% CI, 2.2%-2.4%), and 373 patients (0.4%) with transient ischemic attacks (95% CI, 0.3%-0.4%) . During the study period, 30-day stroke rates were stable without an increasing or decreasing trend in all patients (P for trend = .22) and in the large femoral access subgroup (P trend = .47). Among cases of stroke within 30 days, 1119 strokes (48.9%) occurred within the first day and 1567 (68.4%) within 3 days following TAVR. The occurrence of stroke was associated with a significant increase in 30-day mortality: 383 patients (16.7%) of 2290 who had a stroke vs 3662 patients (3.7%) of 99 140 who did not have a stroke died (P < .001; risk-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 6.1 [95% CI, 5.4-6.8]; P < .001). After propensity-score matching, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.55%) or were not (0.52%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.74-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.71%) or were not (0.69%) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.54-1.95). Similarly, 30-day stroke risk was not associated with whether patients in the femoral cohort were (0.57%) or were not (0.55) treated with oral anticoagulant therapy at hospital discharge (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.46) nor was it associated with whether patients in the nonfemoral cohort were (0.75%) or were not (0.82%) treated with an oral anticoagulant (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.47-1.83).Conclusions and relevanceBetween 2011 and 2017, the rate of 30-day stroke following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a US registry population remained stable.
| S-EPMC6582268 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To analyse the impact of postprocedural mitral regurgitation (MR), in an interaction with aortic regurgitation (AR), on mortality following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).To assess the interaction between MR and AR, we compared the survival rate of patients (i) without both significant MR and AR versus (ii) those with either significant MR or significant AR versus (iii) with significant MR and AR, all postprocedure. 381 participants of the Polish Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Registry (166 males (43.6%) and 215 females (56.4%), age 78.8±7.4 years) were analysed. Follow-up was 94.1±96.5 days.In-hospital and midterm mortality were 6.6% and 10.2%, respectively. Significant MR and AR were present in 16% and 8.1% patients, including 3.1% patients with both significant MR and AR. Patients with significant versus insignificant AR differed with respect to mortality (log rank p=0.009). This difference was not apparent in a subgroup of patients without significant MR (log rank p=0.80). In a subgroup of patients without significant AR, there were no significant differences in mortality between individuals with versus without significant MR (log rank p=0.44). Significant MR and AR had a significant impact on mortality only when associated with each other (log rank p<0.0001). At multivariate Cox regression modelling concomitant significant MR and AR were independently associated with mortality (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.54 to 5.71, p=0.002).Significant MR or AR postprocedure, when isolated, had no impact on survival. Combined MR and AR had a significant impact on a patient's prognosis.
| S-EPMC4862065 | biostudies-other
Project description:Bicuspid aortic insufficiency (BAI) patients with root aneurysm often require aortic valve and root replacement in a composite procedure. The valve-sparing root replacement (VSARR) procedure is aimed at preserving the native valve when possible. This case highlights a successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure in a BAI patient previously treated with VSARR. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).
| S-EPMC8642721 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3709206 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives: Stroke after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) continues to be one of the most concerning complications. Anatomical variations of the aortic arch may increase the risk of embolic debris entering the brain during transfemoral catheter manipulation. We aimed to analyze the influence of aortic arch morphology on the occurrence of ischemic stroke during TAVR. Methods: We performed a retrospective, 1:2 propensity-matched case-control study to compare patients with and without periprocedural stroke (defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium III endpoints) after transfemoral TAVR between June 2007 and September 2022. Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) analysis of pre-TAVR aortograms was performed to investigate arch anatomy, configuration, curvature, and the take-off angles of the epi-aortic vessels. Results: A total of 2371 patients were enrolled in this study. Periprocedural ischemic stroke was observed in 67 patients. After propensity score matching, this study included 201 patients: 67 (case) vs. 134 (control). The mean age was 80.0 ± 13.2 and 81.6 ± 6.4 years (p = 0.5), and the mean Euroscore II was 4.1 ± 3.6 and 4.3 ± 41 (p = 0.7). There was no difference in arch anatomy (p = 0.2) and configuration (p = 0.8) between the groups. Arch curvature (p = 0.9) and angulation of the brachiocephalic (p = 0.3) and left common carotid artery (p = 0.058) also did not differ significantly between the case and control groups. Conclusions: MSCT analysis in this propensity score-matched study found no correlation between aortic arch geometry and TAVR-associated stroke.
| S-EPMC11856225 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a standard treatment indicated for severe aortic stenosis in high-risk patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of pacemaker dependency after permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) following TAVR or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and the risk of mortality at a tertiary center in Korea.In this retrospective study conducted at a single tertiary center, clinical outcomes related to pacemaker dependency were evaluated for patients implanted with pacemakers after TAVR from January 2012 to November 2018 and post-SAVR from January 2005 to May 2015. Investigators reviewed patients' electrocardiograms and baseline rhythms as well as conduction abnormalities. Pacemaker dependency was defined as a ventricular pacing rate > 90% with an intrinsic rate of <40 bpm during interrogation.Of 511 patients who underwent TAVR for severe AS, 37(7.3%) underwent PPI after a median duration of 6 (3-7) days, whereas pacemakers were implanted after a median interval of 13 (8-28) days post-SAVR in 10 of 663 patients (P < .001). Pacemaker dependency was observed in 36 (97.3%) patients during 7 days immediately post-TAVR and in 25 (64.9%) patients between 8 and 180 days post-TAVR. Pacemaker dependency occurred after 180 days in 17 (50%) patients with TAVR and in 4 (44.4%) patients with SAVR. Twelve (41.4%) patients were pacemaker-dependent after 365 days post-TAVR.Pacemaker dependency did not differ at 6 months after TAVR vs SAVR. In patients undergoing post-TAVR PPI, 58.6% were not pacemaker-dependent at 1 year after the TAVR procedure.
| S-EPMC8183801 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive approach to treat symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. The patient populations that have been shown to benefit from this procedure continue to grow with time. Techniques and technology in TAVR persistently advance with a continued trend toward improved outcomes for patients. In this review, we highlight the advances in vascular access, TAVR valve design, progress in reducing procedural complications, and emerging evidence in the field.
| S-EPMC7237626 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Evidence in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has accumulated rapidly over the last few years and its application to clinical decision making are becoming more important. In this review, we discuss the advances in TAVR for patient selection, expanding indications, complications, and emerging technologies.
| S-EPMC6790961 | biostudies-literature