Dataset Information

Sensitization of Guinea Pig Skin to Imported Fire Ant Alkaloids and Establishment of an Inflammatory Model.

ABSTRACT: Imported fire ants (IFAs), Solenopsis invicta, release their venom through multiple stings that induce inflammation, allergies, shock, and even death. Although IFA venom protein sensitization and related subcutaneous immunotherapy have been studied, few studies have examined the potential toxicity or pathogenicity of alkaloids, the main substances in IFA venom. Here, IFA alkaloids were identified and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; we further determined an appropriate extraction method and its effectiveness for extracting high-purity alkaloids through comparative analysis and guinea pig skin sensitivity tests. The alkaloids released from the IFA abdomen included those present in the head and thorax, and the alkaloids in the abdomen accounted for the highest proportion of the total extract. The abdominal extirpation method yielded alkaloids with a purity above 97%, and the skin irritation response score and histopathological diagnosis suggest that intradermal injection of the extracted alkaloids produced symptoms effectively simulating those of IFA stings. The successful establishment of an inflammatory model in guinea pigs stung by IFAs provides a basis for further research on the mechanism of inflammatory diseases caused by IFAs.

SUBMITTER: Liu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9914866 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sensitization of Guinea Pig Skin to Imported Fire Ant Alkaloids and Establishment of an Inflammatory Model.

Liu Yueze Y Huang Jun J Zhang Juan J Xu Yipeng Y Li Xiaowei X Lu Yaobin Y

International journal of environmental research and public health 20230120 3

Imported fire ants (IFAs), <i>Solenopsis invicta</i>, release their venom through multiple stings that induce inflammation, allergies, shock, and even death. Although IFA venom protein sensitization and related subcutaneous immunotherapy have been studied, few studies have examined the potential toxicity or pathogenicity of alkaloids, the main substances in IFA venom. Here, IFA alkaloids were identified and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; we further determined an appropriate ex ...[more]

PMID: 36767271

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Project description:Native ants have long been considered for their potential to suppress the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a highly invasive and destructive species. However, the knowledge in this field is limited to behavioral observations of a few related native ants. In this study, by setting up a series of ant combinations of three native ants, i.e., Monomorium chinense Santschi, the robust crazy ant Nylanderia bourbonica Forel, and Iridomyrmex anceps Roger, with S. invicta, we observed the aggression levels and mortality rates. Using baited vials, we also investigated the abundance of native ants in four types of habitats in Eastern China that are preferred by S. invicta (woodland, green belts on roadsides, grassland, and farmland), as well as their seasonal abundance when co-existing with S. invicta and their spatial distribution before and after control of S. invicta. We found that M. chinense and N. bourbonica show a degree of aggression towards S. invicta and can kill substantial proportions of S. invicta under laboratory conditions, but I. anceps does not. Both M. chinense and N. bourbonica can occur in each type of habitat investigated and are more abundant in green belts (particularly lawns with turf) and grasslands relative to other habitats. In grasslands with S. invicta, M. chinense maintained a low density before early July; however, its abundance increased thereafter and reached a peak in September. N. bourbonica also had a low density early in the season and increased steadily from April. Its abundance began to decrease substantially from November. In grasslands invaded by S. invicta, both M. chinense and N. bourbonica were restricted to sites close to the margins before S. invicta was controlled; however, they spread to a larger range within a few weeks after control of S. invicta. In conclusion, M. chinense and N. bourbonica have the potential to suppress S. invicta invasion in habitats that are abundant with these two native ants.

Project description:Purpose: We aimed to provide a basis for the adaptive mechanism and a rich resource for the discovery and identification of novel genes involved in the cold and heat stress response in Solenopsis invicta. retinal transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) to microarray and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) methods and to evaluate protocols for optimal high-throughput data analysis Methods: Solenopsis invicta was reared at lab condition, and incubated at 4 different temperature for 24h (10, 20, 30 and 40℃). RNA was extracted using Trizol reagent and Illumina sequencing was performed at Macrogen. Illumina short reads were quality-filtered and Illumina-based de novo transcriptome assembly was performed. Differential Gene Expression Analysis was studied for different tempearture conditions. Results: Totally 99,085 unigenes was obtained which at least 19,154 were annotated with gene descriptions, gene ontology terms, and metabolic pathways. 86 GO functional sub-groups and 23 EggNOG terms resulted. DEGs with log2FC≥10 were screened and were compared at different temperatures. We found 203, 48 and 66 specific DEGs co-regulated at 10, 20 and 40℃, respectively compare with 30℃. Comparing transcriptome profiles for differential gene expression resulted various DE proteins and genes, including cytochrome P450, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, cuticle protein and HSP which have previously been reported to be involved in cold and high temperature resistance. GO analysis revealed that antioxidant activity up-regulated under high temperature stress. Conclusions: we compared the transcriptomes of S. invicta under high- and low-temperature stresses using RNA-Seq technology based on the high-throughput sequencing. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified many genes and a large number of changes were discovered in metabolic pathway through the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Our data will facilitate further molecular investigations and genomic research. Many high- and low-temperature significantly up-regulated genes were first identified in this study. These newly found genes may be important and necessary to RIFA overwintering and its behavior for adaptation in new environment as well as quarantine area.

Dataset Information

Sensitization of Guinea Pig Skin to Imported Fire Ant Alkaloids and Establishment of an Inflammatory Model.

Publications

Sensitization of Guinea Pig Skin to Imported Fire Ant Alkaloids and Establishment of an Inflammatory Model.

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