Dataset Information

Socioeconomic factors associated with the number of children ever born by married Ghanaian females: a cross-sectional analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Most studies in Ghana on determinants of children ever born (CEB) are often conducted among all females of reproductive age and do not adequately report patterns among married females. Considering the importance of marriage to fertility in the Ghanaian context, this study seeks to explore the association of socioeconomic characteristics of married Ghanaian women with CEB.

Design

Data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey were used. Three separate models were considered: linear regression model using CEB and two logistic regression models. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were considered for all models.

Setting

The study was conducted in all 10 administrative regions of Ghana.

Participants

Married females aged between 15 and 49 years.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Socioeconomic factors associated with married females' CEB.

Results

In all three models, place of residence, zone, wealth index, age, age at marriage, media exposure, level of education, number of abortions and age at first sex were all significantly (p<0.05) associated with CEB. Married females with higher education had lower odds of one or more births and lower odds of giving birth to three or more children. Also, married females from households with the highest wealth index had fewer CEB, lower odds of one or more births and lower odds of giving birth to three or more children.

Conclusion

Socioeconomic characteristics of married females in Ghana, including education and wealth status had a significant influence on the number of CEBs. We recommend governments' intervention to help bridge the gaps in access to education and income-generating opportunities. The mass media must be used to propagate and counsel married females on the potential of high fertility and its consequences.

SUBMITTER: Boateng D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9923263 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Socioeconomic factors associated with the number of children ever born by married Ghanaian females: a cross-sectional analysis.

Boateng Dennis D Boateng Dennis D Oppong Felix Boakye FB Senkyire Ephraim Kumi EK Logo Divine Darlington DD

BMJ open 20230208 2

<h4>Objective</h4>Most studies in Ghana on determinants of children ever born (CEB) are often conducted among all females of reproductive age and do not adequately report patterns among married females. Considering the importance of marriage to fertility in the Ghanaian context, this study seeks to explore the association of socioeconomic characteristics of married Ghanaian women with CEB.<h4>Design</h4>Data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey were used. Three separate models were conside ...[more]

PMID: 36754565

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundSuicide is a serious public health concern all over the world including Bangladesh. About 9% of the patients admitted with suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempt (SA) later complete suicide. To understand and prevent suicide, the study of SI and SA is necessary but research in this area is scanty in Bangladesh. Therefore, we studied suicidality (SI and SA) among married adults in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh.MethodsThis was a household cross-sectional study. A total of 708 married adults were selected for this study using a multi-stage random sampling. Suicidality was measured based on two factors: (i) suicidal ideation, and (ii) suicide attempt. Frequency distribution, Chi-square test and multiple binary logistic regression model were used in this study according to our objectives.ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicidality was 5.8%, 3.4%, and 8.3% respectively among married adults. A multiple binary logistic regression model provided the following risk factors of suicidality: (i) joint family (AOR = 0.310, p<0.01), (ii) ≥26 years of age at the first marriage (AOR = 0.379, p<0.05), (iii) twice or more marriage (AOR = 0.214, p<0.01), (iv) conjugal life of ≥16 years (AOR = 0.410, p<0.05), (v) having no child (AOR = 6.343, p<0.01) and (vi) having 1-2 children (AOR = 6.190, p<0.01), (vii) medical comorbidity (AOR = 0.421, p<0.01), (viii) mental comorbidity (AOR = 0.253, p<0.01), (ix) stress-anxiety (AOR = 0.311, p<0.01), (x) family history of mental disorders (AOR = 0.059, p<0.01), (xi) family history of suicide/suicide attempt (AOR = 0.009, p<0.01), (xii) substance abuse (AOR = 0.065, p<0.01), (xiii) poor relationship with spouse (AOR = 0.209, p<0.01), and (xiv) poor relationship with other family members (AOR = 0.347, p<0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of suicidality is remarkable in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. The government and non-government agencies can use the findings of this study to identify the vulnerable groups and undertake measures for preventing and reducing suicidality.

Project description:BackgroundThe migration of healthcare professionals from developing countries to more developed nations poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine the proportion of doctors in Ghana who intend to migrate abroad and to identify the sociodemographic and "pull and push" factors that influence their intention.MethodologyA cross-sectional survey was conducted among doctors in Ghana between March 1, 2024, and March 15, 2024, via an online-based semi-structured questionnaire. Doctors working in Ghana, regardless of nationality, were included. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the intention to emigrate. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of < 0.05.ResultsAlmost all the doctors who responded to the questionnaire consented to participate (99.4%, 641/645). More than half (53.8%, n = 345) of the respondents were medical officers. Most respondents intended to migrate to practice abroad (71.8%, n = 460). The United States (59.7%), the United Kingdom (39.1%), and Canada (34.8%) were the most preferred destinations. After adjusting for covariates, young doctors between 20-29 years [(Adjusted Odd Ratios) AOR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.13-6.39)], male doctors (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.04-2.25), doctors in lower professional ranks, and doctors in the field of diagnostics (AOR = 5.70, 95% CI = 1.16 - 28.03) had significantly higher odds of intending to migrate. In descending order of magnitude, the respondents strongly agreed that better remuneration (1.22 ± 0.63), better quality of life (1.22 ± 0.67), better working conditions (1.26 ± 0.69), and better postgraduate training (1.41 ± 0.80) were pull factors. The push factors were economic challenges (1.17 ± 0.49), a lack of a conducive working environment (1.56 ± 0.86), slow career progression (1.95 ± 1.07), excessive workload (2.07 ± 0.12), personal circumstances (2.26 ± 1.19), and poor postgraduate training (2.48 ± 1.22).ConclusionA substantial proportion of doctors in Ghana are considering emigration, driven by a combination of attractive opportunities abroad and challenging conditions in Ghana. Addressing these issues through improved remuneration, better working environments, and enhanced career development and training opportunities is crucial to retaining healthcare professionals.

Project description:BackgroundMarried female caregivers face a higher risk of an informal care burden than other caregivers. No study has explored the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on the intensity of informal care provided by married female caregivers in China. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine how the SES of married female caregivers affects the intensity of the informal care they provide for their parents/parents-in-law in China.MethodsThe data for this study were drawn from 8 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The respondents were married women whose parents/parents-in-law needed care and lived in the same city as them. SES was defined based on four indicators: education, economic status, employment status, and hukou (China's household registration system). Informal caregivers were divided into three categories: non-caregivers (0 h/week), low-intensity caregivers (less than 10 h/week), and high-intensity caregivers (10 h/week and above). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relation between SES and the likelihood of a low- and high-intensity caregiving among married female caregivers, adjusting for age, family characteristics and survey wave.ResultsOf the 2661 respondents, high-intensity and low-intensity caregivers accounted for 16.35 and 21.27%, respectively. The multinomial logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver versus (vs. a non-caregiver) increased as the caregiver's educational attainment increased (p < 0.05), and that high economic status was related to the likelihood of being a high-intensity caregiver, but this relationship was only significant at the 10% level. Urban females were 1.34 times more likely than their rural counterparts to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05) and were 1.33 times more likely to provide high-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05). Employed females were 1.25 times more likely than those unemployed females to provide low-intensity care vs. no care (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDifferences in SES were found between high-intensity caregivers and low-intensity caregivers. Women with high educational attainment and urban hukou were more likely to provide high-intensity informal care, and women who were employed and had urban hukou were more likely to provide low-intensity care.

Project description:Visual-motor integration (VMI) is related to children's academic performance and school readiness. VMI scores measured using the Beery-Bucktenicka Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery-VMI) can differ due to differences in cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. This study compared the VMI scores of Malaysian preschoolers with the corresponding US norms and determined the association between their VMI scores and socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 435 preschoolers (mean age: 5.95±0.47 years; age range: 5.08-6.83 years) from randomly selected public and private preschools. VMI scores were measured using Beery-VMI in the preschools' classrooms. Information on the socioeconomic characteristics of the preschoolers was obtained using a parent-report questionnaire. One sample t-test was used to compare their VMI scores with the corresponding US norms. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the influence of socioeconomic factors on the preschoolers' VMI scores. Overall, Malaysian preschoolers' VMI performance was similar to the US standardized norms (p>0.05). Children from low-income families were twice likely to obtain lower than average VMI scores than those from higher-income families (OR = 2.47, 95%CI 1.05, 5.86). Children enrolled at public preschools were more likely to obtain a lower than average VMI score than those who enrolled at private preschools (OR = 2.60, 95%CI 1.12, 6.06). Children who started preschool at the age of six were more likely to obtain lower than average VMI scores than those who started at an earlier age (OR = 4.66, 95%CI 1.97, 11.04). Low maternal education level was also associated with lower than average VMI score (OR = 2.60, 95%CI 1.12, 6.06). Malaysian preschoolers' Beery-VMI performance compared well to their US counterparts. Some socioeconomic factors were associated with reduced VMI scores. Those from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to have reduced VMI performance, potentially adversely affecting their school readiness, cognitive performance, and future academic achievements.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study provides insight into the quality of life (QoL) of older adults living in urban slums in Ghana.DesignThe study employed a community-based, cross-sectional design to assess QoL among older adults in two slums between April and May 2020. QoL was assessed using the WHO Quality of Life-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire.SettingsParticipants were drawn from two slums in Ghana, one in a fishing-dominated community and the other in an industrial community.ParticipantsThis study included 400 participants aged 60 and above who had lived in either slum for at least 1 month and were able to communicate verbally.ResultsAlthough the means of all participants' transformed scores were poor in the physical and psychological domains, they were moderate in all other domains. When viewed as a whole, the perceived overall QoL is neither poor nor good and participants were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with their health. Participants had a moderate level of QoL in the WHOQOL-BREF psychological (mean score 45.7), social (mean score 57.0) and environmental (mean score 51.6) domains. The mean score for physical QoL of older adults was 43.3, which denotes poor QoL. In all domains, male participants have a significantly higher mean QoL than their female counterparts. An analysis of variance comparing the living arrangements of participants showed that those who lived with extended family had high mean scores in environmental QoL, overall QoL and satisfaction with health. Regression analysis revealed that QoL was influenced mostly by the environmental (46.2%), followed by the psychological (43.7%), physical (31%) and social (20.4%) domains.ConclusionsThe findings from this study show that older adults living in slums had moderate psychological, social and environmental QoL and poor physical QoL. Although the mean scores for QoL are higher than anticipated, health policy development must take into account the specific needs of older adults.

Project description:Only about 39% of infants in low- and middle-income countries are exclusively breast-fed for the first six months. In particular, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive women report confusion about the best feeding methods. Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) practices in HIV positive mothers are sub-optimal in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the main factors influencing EBF among HIV positive breast-feeding mothers. A facility based cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2017 to June 30 2018 among HIV positive mothers with infants aged 6-23 months. Thirteen public health facilities (7 health centers and 6 hospitals) that provided anti-retroviral treatment (ART) and Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services, found in three districts of West, East and Kellem Wollega Zones, were randomly selected. Respondents were recruited by systematic random sampling techniques from these facilities using client registers as a sampling frame. Data were collected using face to face interviews with a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into EPI info Version 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 20 for windows. Candidate variables for the final multi-variable model were selected considering P≤ 0.05 at bivariable analysis. Associations were declared at P≤ 0.05 by assuming Confidence Intervals did not cross '1'with corresponding 95%. A total of 218 HIV positive mothers were included in this study. Of these, only 122 (56.0%) practiced EBF in the first six months. The proportion of study participants who initiated EBF within the first hour of delivery was 134 (61.8%). Mean age of study participants was 28.6years with SD ± 4. Mothers' having received advice on EBF [AOR 3, 95% CI (1.2-6.7)], disclosure of HIV status to someone close to them including their husband [AOR 6, 95% CI (1.2-29.6)] and believing HIV can be transmitted during delivery [AOR 5.2, 95% CI (1.1-24.0)] were found to increase the likelihood of EBF practices among the study participants (P-value ≤ 0.05). In this study, only just over half of the mothers practiced EBF for the first six months. Care providers should continue to encourage mothers to practice EBF in the first six months and to disclosure of HIV status to someone close to them including their partner. Efforts should be in place to curb the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission during delivery. Continues advise for mothers to practice EBF in the first 6 months is still needed.

Dataset Information

Socioeconomic factors associated with the number of children ever born by married Ghanaian females: a cross-sectional analysis.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Socioeconomic factors associated with the number of children ever born by married Ghanaian females: a cross-sectional analysis.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets