Dataset Information

Long-term Psychiatric Impact of Peer Victimization in Adults Born at Extremely Low Birth Weight.

ABSTRACT:

Background

While children born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) are at elevated risk for peer victimization, no research has examined its effects on mental health in adulthood.

Methods

ELBW survivors and matched normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) controls were part of a prospective, population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Peer victimization before age 16 was self-reported at age 22 to 26 years by using a 10-point measure. Presence of psychiatric disorders was examined at age 22 to 26 years (ELBW n = 142, NBW n = 133) and age 29 to 36 years (ELBW n = 84, NBW n = 90).

Results

After adjustment for confounding variables, for each 1-point increase in the peer victimization score, ELBW survivors had increased odds of current depressive (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.28), anxiety (OR = 1.36, 95% CI, 1.05-1.76), avoidant (OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.08-1.79), antisocial (OR = 1.92, 95% CI, 1.06-2.87), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.06-1.83) problems at age 22 to 26 years. At age 29 to 36 years, peer victimization score predicted increased odds of current panic disorder (OR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.01-2.83) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OR = 3.56, 95% CI, 1.25-10.09). For NBW controls, peer victimization predicted increased odds of antisocial problems at age 22 to 26 years.

Conclusions

ELBW survivorsand NBW participants are vulnerable to the adverse psychiatric effects of childhood peer victimization in adulthood.

SUBMITTER: Day KL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9923620 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Long-term Psychiatric Impact of Peer Victimization in Adults Born at Extremely Low Birth Weight.

Day Kimberly L KL Schmidt Louis A LA Vaillancourt Tracy T Saigal Saroj S Boyle Michael H MH Van Lieshout Ryan J RJ

Pediatrics 20160217 3

<h4>Background</h4>While children born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) are at elevated risk for peer victimization, no research has examined its effects on mental health in adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>ELBW survivors and matched normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) controls were part of a prospective, population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Peer victimization before age 16 was self-reported at age 22 to 26 years by using a 10-point measure. Presence of psychiatric disorders was exami ...[more]

PMID: 26908689

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Project description:The long-term bone health of young adults born extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks' gestation) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g birth weight) in the post-surfactant era (since the early 1990s) is unclear. This study investigated their bone structure and estimated bone strength using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT)-based finite element modeling (pQCT-FEM). Results using this technique have been associated with bone fragility in several clinical settings. Participants comprised 161 EP/ELBW survivors (46.0% male) and 122 contemporaneous term-born (44.3% male), normal birth weight controls born in Victoria, Australia, during 1991-1992. At age 25 years, participants underwent pQCT at 4% and 66% of tibia and radius length, which was analyzed using pQCT-FEM. Groups were compared using linear regression and adjusted for height and weight. An interaction term between group and sex was added to assess group differences between sexes. Parameters measured included compressive stiffness (kcomp ), torsional stiffness (ktorsion ), and bending stiffness (kbend ). EP/ELBW survivors were shorter than the controls, but their weights were similar. Several unadjusted tibial pQCT-FEM parameters were lower in the EP/ELBW group. Height- and weight-adjusted ktorsion at 66% tibia remained lower in EP/ELBW (mean difference [95% confidence interval] -180 [-352, -8] Nm/deg). The evidence for group differences in ktorsion and kbend at 66% tibia was stronger among males than females (pinteractions <0.05). There was little evidence for group differences in adjusted radial models. Lower height- and weight-adjusted pQCT-FEM measures in EP/ELBW compared with controls suggest a clinically relevant increase in predicted long-term fracture risk in EP/ELBW survivors, particularly males. Future pQCT-FEM studies should utilize the tibial pQCT images because of the greater variability in the radius possibly related to lower measurement precision. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

Project description:ImportanceContradictory differences regarding fertility among adults born very preterm (VP; <32 weeks' gestation) or with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) have been reported at different ages. Longitudinal investigations of fertility beyond ages 20 to 29 years are lacking.ObjectiveTo assess whether VP and VLBW are associated with lower fertility up to age 35 years.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective population-based cohort study was conducted in Bavaria, Germany, with participants born between January 1985 and March 1986 who required admission to a children's hospital within the first 10 days after birth. Healthy infants born at term (ie, at least 37 weeks' gestation) in the same hospital and children alive at 6 years were selected as controls. Follow-up occurred repeatedly up to 34 to 35 years. Data were analyzed from July to December 2024.ExposuresGestational age and birth weight.Main outcomes and measuresCumulative incidence of having the first alive child (ie, fertility) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimation and the difference between participants born VP or with VLBW and term-born participants was compared with log-rank tests. Univariable and hierarchical multivariable Cox proportional hazards regressions were performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for fertility associated with VP and VLBW adjusting for individual factors. Estimations were compared between early (<30 years) and late (≥30 years) reproductive windows.ResultsA total of 414 participants (212 born VP or with VLBW and 202 term-born) were included (mean [SD] age, 34.67 [0.53] years; 216 [52.2%] female). Cumulative incidence of having the first alive child was lower in participants born VP or with VLBW throughout the follow-up. The association of VP and VLBW with lower fertility was significant during the late (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31-0.68) but not early (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.47-1.14) reproductive window; this association attenuated after adjusting for neonatal factors (sex and family socioeconomic status) and childhood neurosensory impairment at step 2 (HR, 0.59; 95% CI 0.40-0.88), childhood family factors (eg, parenting) at step 3 (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40-0.92), and there was no longer an association after adjusting for sociodemographic factors (eg, partnering) at step 4 (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.50-1.20). Partnering (ie, being married or cohabitating with a partner) had the largest magnitude association with fertility across both the early (HR, 7.87; 95% CI, 3.44-18.00) and late (HR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.47-6.31) reproductive windows.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of participants born VP or with VLBW and term-born adults, VP and VLBW were associated with overall lower fertility. A major reason was an association of less partnering with lower fertility, suggesting that partnering is key to reproductive success.

Project description:BackgroundPreterm survivors have increased risk for impaired cardiometabolic health. We assessed glucose regulation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in adult very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) survivors, using siblings as controls.MethodsVLBW-participants were matched with term-born, same-sex siblings. At mean age 29.2 years (SD 3.9), 74 VLBW-adults and 70 siblings underwent a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and blood tests for assessment of cardiometabolic biomarkers.ResultsOf participants, 23 (31%) VLBW and 11 (16%) sibling-controls met World Health Organization criteria for impaired glucose regulation (OR adjusted for age and sex 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1 to 5.8). Adjusting for age and sex, VLBW-participants showed 9.2% higher 2-h glucose (95% CI: 0.4% to 18.8%) than their siblings. Also, fasting (13.4%, -0.3% to 29.0%) and 2-h free fatty acids (15.6%, -2.4% to 36.9%) were higher in VLBW-participants. These differences were statistically significant only after further adjusting for confounders. No statistically significant differences were found regarding other measured biomarkers, including insulin resistance, atherogenic lipid profiles or liver tests.ConclusionsVLBW-adults showed more impaired fatty acid metabolism and glucose regulation. Differences in cardiometabolic biomarkers were smaller than in previous non-sibling studies. This may partly be explained by shared familial, genetic, or environmental factors.ImpactAt young adult age, odds for impaired glucose regulation were 3.4-fold in those born at very low birth weight, compared to same-sex term-born siblings. Taking into consideration possible unmeasured, shared familial confounders, we compared cardiometabolic markers in adults born preterm at very low birth weight with term-born siblings. Prematurity increased risk for impaired glucose regulation, unrelated to current participant characteristics, including body mass index. In contrast to previous studies, differences in insulin resistance were not apparent, suggesting that insulin resistance may partially be explained by factors shared between siblings. Also, common cardiometabolic biomarkers were similar within sibling pairs.

Project description:BackgroundData on psychiatric disorders in survivors born very preterm (VP; <32 weeks) or very low birthweight (VLBW; <1500 g) are sparse. We compared rates of psychiatric diagnoses between VP/VLBW and term-born, normal birthweight (term/NBW) control participants.MethodsThis individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis pooled data from eligible groups in the Adults born Preterm International Collaboration (APIC). Inclusion criteria included: 1) VP/VLBW group (birth weight <1500 g and/or gestational age <32 weeks), 2) normal birth weight/term-born control group (birth weight >2499 g and/or gestational age ≥37 weeks), and 3) structured measure of psychiatric diagnoses using DSM or ICD criteria. Diagnoses of interest were Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Anxiety Disorder, Mood Disorder, Disruptive Behaviour Disorder (DBD), Eating Disorder, and Psychotic Disorder. A systematic search for eligible studies was conducted (PROSPERO Registration Number 47555).FindingsData were obtained from 10 studies (1385 VP/VLBW participants, 1780 controls), using a range of instruments and approaches to assigning diagnoses. Those born VP/VLBW had ten times higher odds of meeting criteria for ASD (odds ratio [OR] 10·6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2·50, 44·7), five times higher odds of meeting criteria for ADHD (OR 5·42, 95% CI 3·10, 9·46), twice the odds of meeting criteria for Anxiety Disorder (OR 1·91, 95% CI 1·36, 2·69), and 1·5 times the odds of meeting criteria for Mood Disorder (OR 1·51, 95% CI 1·08, 2·12) than controls. This pattern of findings was consistent within age (<18 years vs. ≥18 years) and sex subgroups.InterpretationOur data suggests that individuals born VP/VLBW might have higher odds of meeting criteria for certain psychiatric disorders through childhood and into adulthood than term/NBW controls. Further research is needed to corroborate our results and identify factors associated with psychiatric disorders in individuals born VP/VLBW.FundingAustralia's National Health & Medical Research Council; CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal deNível Superior) - International Cooperation General Program; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team Grant; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Academy of Finland; Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme: Project RECAP-Preterm; European Commission Dynamics of Inequality Across the Life-course: structures and processes (DIAL); Neurologic Foundation of New Zealand; MRC programme grant; Health Research Council of New Zealand; National Institutes of Health, USA; The Research Council of Norway; Joint Research Committee between St. Olavs Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU); Liaison Committee between Central Norway Regional Health Authority and NTNU.

Dataset Information

Long-term Psychiatric Impact of Peer Victimization in Adults Born at Extremely Low Birth Weight.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Long-term Psychiatric Impact of Peer Victimization in Adults Born at Extremely Low Birth Weight.

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