Dataset Information

Osteoarthritic changes in the knees of recently retired male professional footballers: a pilot study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common amongst retired male professional footballers. There is limited understanding with respect to the interplay between imaging findings, clinical presentation and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in retired professional footballers with knee OA.

Objectives

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the extent of radiological and clinical knee OA in a cohort of retired male professional footballers, and to explore the relationship between these findings and knee-related PROMs.

Methods

Fifteen retired male professional footballers underwent knee radiographs and were surveyed on their history of clinical OA, severe knee injury and previous knee surgery. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS-GH) were used to assess health outcomes, such as level of function and pain.

Results

Radiological knee OA was diagnosed in six out of 15 participants. Seven of the participants had a clinical diagnosis of knee OA. Evidence of clinical and radiological OA was present amongst four participants. Radiological knee OA and clinical OA was significantly associated with a history of severe knee injury and previous knee surgery. Low correlations (ρ<-0.40) were found between knee OA severity and knee-related PROMs. Moderate correlation (ρ=-0.65) was found between clinical knee OA and KOOS-SP.

Conclusion

Clinical knee OA correlates with PROMs amongst retired professional footballers but radiological OA does not. Further studies are required to understand the relationship between imaging findings, clinical presentation and PROMs amongst retired professional footballers with knee OA.

SUBMITTER: Carmody S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9924553 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Osteoarthritic changes in the knees of recently retired male professional footballers: a pilot study.

Carmody S S Aoki H H Kilic O O Maas M M Massey A A Kerkhoffs G M GM Gouttebarge V V

South African journal of sports medicine 20220101 1

<h4>Background</h4>Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common amongst retired male professional footballers. There is limited understanding with respect to the interplay between imaging findings, clinical presentation and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in retired professional footballers with knee OA.<h4>Objectives</h4>This pilot study aimed to evaluate the extent of radiological and clinical knee OA in a cohort of retired male professional footballers, and to explore the relationship between ...[more]

PMID: 36815923

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Project description:ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and general health of male ex-professional footballers compared with general population controls.Methods572 retired professional footballers and 500 general population controls in the UK were assessed by postal questionnaire. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a threshold score of ≥11 was used to indicate probable caseness. General health was ascertained using the Short Form-12 Health Survey Questionnaire quality of life (QoL) tool; self-reported comorbidities, analgesic usage and body pain; and Index of Multiple Deprivation based on postcode data. Mood was assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and sleep using the Medical Outcome Survey. Linear regression analysis was used to determine adjusted relative risk with 95% CI and adjusted for age, body mass index, comorbidities, body pain and medication usage.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms in retired professional footballers was 5.66% compared with 5.76% in the general population and anxiety prevalence was also comparable (12.01% vs 10.29%; all p>0.05). However, footballers had lower physical and mental component scores compared with controls (p<0.01). They also reported significantly more sleep problems, more negative mood profiles and more widespread body pain (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.88, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.09). They also reported greater pain medication usage compared with controls (aRR 1.54, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.89). However, compared with controls, they were 26% (95% CI 15% to 37%) less likely to report comorbidities, especially heart attacks (aRR 57%, 95% CI 27% to 74%) and diabetes (aRR 61%, 95% CI 37% to 76%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms and probable caseness in ex-professional footballers is comparable with general population controls. However, ex-footballers reported lower health-related QoL, more widespread body pain and higher analgesic usage. Conversely, lower reporting of diabetes and heart attacks indicates potential long-term physical health benefits of professional football.

Project description:ImportanceAlthough professional soccer players appear to be at higher risk of neurodegenerative disease, the reason remains unknown.ObjectiveTo examine whether heading frequency is associated with risk of cognitive impairment in retired professional soccer players.Design, setting, and participantsA UK nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted between August 15, 2020, and December 31, 2021, in 459 retired male professional soccer players older than 45 years and registered with the Professional Footballers' Association or a League Club Players' Association.ExposureData on heading frequency in 3 bands-0 to 5, 6 to 15, and more than 15 times per match or training session and other soccer-specific risk factors, such as player position and concussion-were collected through a self-reported questionnaire.Main outcomes and measuresCognitive impairment was defined using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified as scores of less than or equal to 21. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, verbal fluency, and independent activities of daily living were also assessed. Test Your Memory and physician-diagnosed dementia/Alzheimer disease were self-reported via the questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsOf 468 retired male professional soccer players who completed questionnaires (mean [SD] age, 63.68 [10.48]; body mass index, 27.22 [2.89]), 459 reported heading frequency: 114 headed 0 to 5 times, 185 headed 6 to 15 times, 160 headed more than 15 times per match, and 125 headed 0 to 5 times, 174 headed 6 to 15 times, and 160 headed more than 15 times per training session during their careers. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 9.78% (0-5 times), 14.78% (6-15 times), and 15.20% (>15 times) per match (P = .51). Compared with players reporting 0 to 5 headers per match, the AORs were 2.71 (95% CI, 0.89-8.25) for players reporting 6 to 15 headers per match and 3.53 (95% CI, 1.13-11.04) for players reporting more than 15 headers per match (P = .03 for trend). Corresponding AORs for heading frequency per training session were 2.38 (95% CI, 0.82-6.95) for those reporting 6 to 15, and 3.40 (95% CI, 1.13-10.23) for those reporting more than 15 in comparison with those who reported 0 to 5 (P = .03 for trend). Concussion involving memory loss was also associated with a greater risk of cognitive impairment (AOR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.08-9.22). Similar results were observed with other cognitive tests and self-reported physician-diagnosed dementia/Alzheimer disease.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this study suggest that repetitive heading during a professional soccer career is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in later life. Further study is needed to establish the upper threshold for heading frequency to mitigate this risk.

Project description:Knee joint ligaments provide stability to the joint by preventing excessive movement. There has been no systematic effort to study the effect of OA and ageing on the mechanical properties of the four major human knee ligaments. This study aims to collate data on the material properties of the anterior (ACL) and posterior (PCL) cruciate ligaments, medial (MCL) and lateral (LCL) collateral ligaments. Bone-ligament-bone specimens from twelve cadaveric human knee joints were extracted for this study. The cadaveric knee joints were previously collected to study ageing and OA on bone and cartilage material properties; therefore, combining our previous bone and cartilage data with the new ligament data from this study will facilitate subject-specific whole-joint modelling studies. The bone-ligament-bone specimens were tested under tensile loading to failure, determining material parameters including yield and ultimate (failure) stress and strain, secant modulus, tangent modulus, and stiffness. There were significant negative correlations between age and ACL yield stress (p = 0.03), ACL failure stress (p = 0.02), PCL secant (p = 0.02) and tangent (p = 0.02) modulus, and LCL stiffness (p = 0.046). Significant negative correlations were also found between OA grades and ACL yield stress (p = 0.02) and strain (p = 0.03), and LCL failure stress (p = 0.048). However, changes in age or OA grade did not show a statistically significant correlation with the MCL tensile parameters. Due to the small sample size, the combined effect of age and the presence of OA could not be statistically derived. This research is the first to report tensile properties of the four major human knee ligaments from a diverse demographic. When combined with our previous findings on bone and cartilage for the same twelve knee cadavers, the current ligament study supports the conceptualisation of OA as a whole-joint disease that impairs the integrity of many peri-articular tissues within the knee. The subject-specific data pool consisting of the material properties of the four major knee ligaments, subchondral and trabecular bones and articular cartilage will advance knee joint finite element models.

Project description:PurposeTo evaluate the effect of double level osteotomy (DLO), a combination of a lateral closed distal femoral osteotomy (LCWDFO) and medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), on patellar height and patellofemoral alignment as compared to those of isolated MOWHTO.MethodsTwenty-six consecutive knees in 26 patients who underwent DLO (DLO group) constituted the study population. For comparative purpose, a control cohort (N: 26) matched for age, sex, and body mass index with the study group were selected from the patients who underwent isolated MOWHTO with an opening gap of more than 10 mm during the same period (MOWHTO group). Patellar height and patellofemoral alignment were assessed on radiographs preoperatively and at 2 years after surgery. For the patellar height, following parameters were measured on a lateral radiograph: Modified Insall-Salvati Index (mISI), modified Caton-Deschamps Index (mCDI), and modified Blackburne-Peel Index (mBPI). In the assessment of patellofemoral alignment, lateral patellar tilt (LPT) and lateral patellar shift (LPS) were measured on a skyline view. The measured values were statistically compared using the Student's t-test.ResultsIn the DLO group, the patellar height measured by mCDI and mPBPI significantly decreased after surgery. As regards the patellofemoral alignment, LPT significantly decreased with no significant postoperative change detected for LPS. When the amounts of postoperative changes in radiological indices were compared between the DLO and isolated MOWHTO groups, no significant differences were detected for all parameters.ConclusionDLO induced reduction in patellar height and decreased lateral patellar tilt. Those changes in patellar position and orientation were similarly observed in isolated MOWHTO knees. Although DLO is specifically indicated for knees with severe varus deformity, the two surgical options for correction of varus knee deformity exerted similar influences on patellofemoral biomechanics.

Dataset Information

Osteoarthritic changes in the knees of recently retired male professional footballers: a pilot study.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Osteoarthritic changes in the knees of recently retired male professional footballers: a pilot study.

Similar Datasets

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