Multimodal imaging findings in a patient with bilateral panuveitis secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bai X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9929403 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Multimodal imaging findings in a patient with bilateral panuveitis secondary to <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> infection.
Bai Xue X Chen Yutong Y Hua Rui R
Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery 20221212 2
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Project description:Two main articles have used this data. The small bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae with its annotated 689 protein-coding genes and 44 RNAs constitutes an ideal system for global and conditional transcription analysis in bacteria. We have combined spotted arrays under more than 120 conditions with several strand-specific, high resolution tiling arrays to obtain an unprecedented level of detail of bacterial gene expression. We have found 68 new non-annotated transcripts, of which the vast majority are potential regulatory RNAs, 53 of them in antisense to known genes. Integration of all data confirmed a dynamic and complex view of bacterial transcription: Under reference conditions in a rich medium, 138 polycistronic and 212 monocistronic transcripts could be identified, with almost half of the polycistronic operons showing a ‘staircase’-like expression pattern, i.e. the expression level within each gene is constant, but succeeding genes have lower expression. Furthermore, under different conditions, operons can divide into smaller transcriptional units, possibly by utilization of internal promoters resulting in many alternative transcripts. More complex bacteria show similar responses to external stresses, although M. pneumoniae lacks the respective transcription regulators, indicating the existence of yet uncharacterized common response mechanisms. This is supported by the concerted expression of genes, some of which with common upstream DNA motifs, form distinct operons under different conditions indicating additional factors regulating their expression. Frequent antisense transcripts, alternative transcripts and multiple regulators per gene thus cannot longer be seen as indicators of eukaryote-specific regulatory complexity. Keywords: stress response, time series
2009-12-11 | GSE14014 | GEO
Project description:Two main articles have used this data. The small bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae with its annotated 689 protein-coding genes and 44 RNAs constitutes an ideal system for global and conditional transcription analysis in bacteria. We have combined spotted arrays under more than 120 conditions with several strand-specific, high resolution tiling arrays to obtain an unprecedented level of detail of bacterial gene expression. We have found 68 new non-annotated transcripts, of which the vast majority are potential regulatory RNAs, 53 of them in antisense to known genes. Integration of all data confirmed a dynamic and complex view of bacterial transcription: Under reference conditions in a rich medium, 138 polycistronic and 212 monocistronic transcripts could be identified, with almost half of the polycistronic operons showing a ‘staircase’-like expression pattern, i.e. the expression level within each gene is constant, but succeeding genes have lower expression. Furthermore, under different conditions, operons can divide into smaller transcriptional units, possibly by utilization of internal promoters resulting in many alternative transcripts. More complex bacteria show similar responses to external stresses, although M. pneumoniae lacks the respective transcription regulators, indicating the existence of yet uncharacterized common response mechanisms. This is supported by the concerted expression of genes, some of which with common upstream DNA motifs, form distinct operons under different conditions indicating additional factors regulating their expression. Frequent antisense transcripts, alternative transcripts and multiple regulators per gene thus cannot longer be seen as indicators of eukaryote-specific regulatory complexity. Keywords: Stress, genetic modification, time series, drug treatment
2009-12-11 | GSE14015 | GEO
Project description:We report the case of a 50-year-old woman with secondary oxalosis following bowel resection resulting in restrictive cardiomyopathy and a diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis based on the initial workup. The case documented findings by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and technetium Tc 99m-labeled pyrophosphate scan in patients with cardiac oxalosis, which can mimic findings in cardiac amyloidosis, expanding the differential diagnosis.
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Project description:PurposeTo report the case 47-year-old patient presenting with severe maculopathy associated with long-term ritonavir treatment.MethodsObservational case report of one patient and literature review.ResultsA 47 year-old Caucasian man presented with progressive bilateral vision loss for the past 5 years. His medical history included Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfection since 1992. He was treated by highly active antiretroviral therapy for 24 years including 4 years of didanosine treatment and 18 years of ritonavir treatment. Bilateral extensive macular atrophy with foveal sparing on the left eye and absence of midperipheral/peripheral retina involvement was confirmed on multimodal imaging and functional testing including swept-source OCT angiography and electroretinography.ConclusionRitonavir associated maculopathy is a scarcely described medication-associated retinopathy. In this case, an extensive macular atrophy (with complete loss of photoreceptor, RPE and choriocapillaris layers) and subsequent cone-rod dysfunction appeared after 18 years of ritonavir exposure.
| S-EPMC7417746 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is growing evidence that vaping has the potential to cause adverse health effects. Vaping is affecting the younger and healthier population which is a public concern. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is a benign condition and is usually underdiagnosed and is managed in an outpatient setting. Here we present a case of fulminant MPP in a young adult probably associated with VAPI. A 24-year-old woman presented to our hospital for severe hypoxic respiratory failure needing intubation and intensive care unit admission. She had a history for vaping for 2 years prior to presentation. She had fever and an elevated white count. Her Chest X-Ray and CT scan of the chest were consistent with bilateral predominantly lower lobe patchy opacities. She had mildly elevated serum LDH and Urine toxicology screen was positive for THC. Serum IgM Mycoplasma level was positive and her BAL fluid analysis showed lipid-laden macrophages. She was diagnosed as a probable case of VAPI per CDC guidelines with superimposed fulminant MPP. Vaping is known to increase the risk of viral and bacterial pneumonia by compromising the respiratory local immune response. Vaping also causes lipoid pneumonia where the alveoli are filled with lipid-laden macrophages with surrounding inflammation. We hypothesize that this patient had fulminant MPP in the setting of background VAPI. The association between vaping and MPP infection has not been established in the literature and this is the first documented report to establish a link between e-cigarettes and fulminant MPP. Further research is needed to confirm this association.
| S-EPMC6997893 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in older children. Pulmonary and extra-pulmonary symptoms associated with M. pneumoniae infection are reported. M. pneumoniae is mainly epidemic in Denmark with the recurrence every 4-7th year.AimsRetrospectively, to describe the epidemiology and clinical features, in infants and children, during the M. pneumoniae epidemic in 2010 and 2011.MethodsAll children under the age of 16 that were tested for M. pneumoniae during the period 01.02.2010-31.01.2012 were included. Medical charts, as well as radiological findings, were reviewed for all children with M. pneumoniae. A post-hoc analysis of viral co-infections was done on part of the cohort.Results134 of 746 children were tested positive for M. pneumoniae by PCR or serology. Positive tests were found in 65% of children seven years and older, in 30% of 2-6-year-olds and 4% of infants (less than two years of age). Viral co-infection was found in 27% of the tested samples. The clinical presentation was a cough, asthma-like symptoms and low-grade fever. Extra-pulmonary symptoms were common and presented as nausea/vomiting by 33% of the children and skin manifestations by 25%. 84% of the children had a chest x-ray taken, and there were positive radiological findings in 94% of these.ConclusionM. pneumoniae also affected infants and young children and symptoms were similar to infections with respiratory viruses, but severe LRTI were also seen. During an up-coming epidemic, assessment of extra-pulmonary manifestations can be helpful when diagnosing M. pneumoniae infections.
| S-EPMC5919654 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Social restrictions effectively interrupted the typical respiratory virus circulation. The aim of this report is to describe how atypical pneumonia bacteria detections have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Finnish children. Bordetella pertussis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae findings were gathered from the National Infectious Diseases Register from 2015 to 2021 and stratified into three age groups (0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years). Incidences per 100,000 children were calculated and 2020 and 2021 was compared to the mean incidence of reference years (2015-2019) by incidence rate ratios. B. pertussis incidence was 32% lower in 2020 and 88% lower in 2021 compared to reference years. C. pneumoniae detections decreased rapidly in 2020 and not a single detection of C. pneumoniae was reported to the register in 2021. M. pneumoniae incidence was 72% lower in 2020 and 89% lower in 2021 than in the reference years. All these findings were seen in all age groups. As the incidences of B. pertussis, C. pneumoniae, and M. pneumoniae detections have been low throughout the pandemic, it seems that the social restrictions have been effective in preventing the spreading of these respiratory bacteria in children.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42399-022-01251-9.
| S-EPMC9281357 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:We report a case of a 30-year-old patient who presented with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection that was complicated by reactive arthritis and asymmetric proximal myopathy and progressed to chronic spondyloarthropathy. Reactive arthritis and sacroiliitis are unusual extrapulmonary manifestations of M. pneumoniae infection, which is a common condition. CASE PRESENTATION:A 30-year-old Greek previously healthy man presented to our emergency department with fever, progressively worsening bilateral lower limb weakness, and asymmetric oligoarthritis. Our diagnosis was based on a positive polymerase chain reaction test for M. pneumoniae using blood and cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging findings that suggested sacroiliitis. Our patient was also found to be human leukocyte antigen B27 positive. His infection was successfully treated with a 14-day course of doxycycline; the arthritis was treated with naproxen and corticosteroids. His arthritis, which restricted his mobility, improved progressively, and he was discharged without any neurological symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:In our case, an acute M. pneumoniae infection eventually progressed to chronic spondyloarthropathy. In our patient, M. pneumoniae infection may represent a random event, or it might be a necessary factor for the development of reactive arthritis, asymmetric proximal myopathy, and sacroiliitis, always in combination with the appropriate genetic background. Extrapulmonary manifestations of M. pneumoniae may occur even in the complete absence of respiratory symptoms, and the diagnosis of unusual complications, such as reactive arthritis, requires high clinical suspicion and extensive investigation.
| S-EPMC7495847 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundsMycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a common pathogen causing respiratory diseases in children. This study aimed to characterize epidemiological and disease severity shifts of M. pneumoniae: infections in Guangzhou, China during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsThroat swab samples were obtained from 5405 hospitalized patients with symptoms of acute respiratory infections to detect M. pneumoniae. Differences in epidemiological and clinical characteristics of M. pneumoniae: infections were investigated during 2020-2022 and after COVID-19 pandemic (2023).ResultsM. pneumoniae were detected in 849 (15.6%, 849/5405) patients. The highest annual positive rate was 29.4% (754/2570) in 2023, followed by 5.3% (72/1367) in 2022, 1.2% (12/1015) in 2021, and 2.0% (11/553) in 2020, with significantly increasing annual prevalence from 2020 to 2023. M. pneumoniae incidence peaked between July and December post-COVID-19 pandemic in 2023, with the highest monthly positive rate (56.4%, 165/293). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with M. pneumoniae did not vary between periods during and after COVID-19 pandemic except that patients with M. pneumoniae post-COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to develop fever. Patients with severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) were more likely to develop respiratory complications, myocardial damage, and gastrointestinal dysfunction than those with non-SMPP. Patients with SMPP had lower lymphocytes, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, and higher IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 levels than those with non-SMPP. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens from infected patients were obtained to identify macrolide resistance mutations. Macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) proportion in 2023 was 91.1% (215/236).ConclusionOutbreaks of M. pneumoniae: occurred in Guangzhou, China in 2023 upon Non-pharmaceutical interventions easing. Despite the increasing incidence of M. pneumoniae, the disease severity remained similar during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Project description:Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is one of the main causes of both upper and lower respiratory infections in school-aged children, accounting for up to 40% of community-acquired pneumonia. Younger children are also affected, and extrapulmonary manifestations have been recently reported in the pediatric population. We carried out a retrospective analysis of MP-positive patients admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Unit of S. Orsola Malpighi University Hospital in Bologna, the largest tertiary pediatric referral center in the Emilia-Romagna region, Northern Italy, between 2012 and 2020. We identified 145 patients with MP infection (82 males and 63 females), 27% of which were younger than 2 years; the median age was 5 years (interquartile range 1-9). The clinical presentation partially differed between age groups. School-aged children were more likely to have a chest X-ray-confirmed pneumonia (p = 0.013), while younger children required oxygen therapy more often (p = 0.048). Seventy-four children (51%) showed extrapulmonary manifestations, mainly gastrointestinal (30%) and dermatological (14%). Neurological symptoms were more frequent in children older than 6 years (p = 0.006). The rate of other extrapulmonary manifestations did not differ significantly between age groups. This study shows that MP infection is a frequent cause of pediatric hospitalization, including of children younger than 2 years. Clinicians should be aware of the variable clinical expressions of MP, including extrapulmonary manifestations, to achieve a correct diagnosis and determine appropriate treatment.
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