Effect of tobacco and nicotine in causing staining of dental hard tissues and dental materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Dental staining is a common concern for tobacco users. However, little is known about which components of tobacco are responsible for the staining and whether nicotine may be implicated. This is of increasing relevance with the popularity of novel products such as heated-tobacco products and electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes).

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to establish the evidence base for the effect if any, of the various tobacco and nicotine products in causing staining of dental hard tissues and materials.

Material and methods

This systematic review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. There were four structured population intervention comparison outcomesquestio

SUBMITTER: Karanjkar RR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9932248 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature