Project description:Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare anomaly and an associated coarctation of aorta is even rarer. A combination of such defects is traditionally treated surgically. The surgery is necessarily staged and done through different approaches. We report successful simultaneous transcatheter treatment of both these defects performed in the same setting in an acutely ill adult male patient with a good intermediate-term follow-up.
Project description:An 85-year-old female with severe aortic valve stenosis presented with heart failure complicated with cardiogenic shock and was found to have a right coronary cusp sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. We report the first case of successful exclusion of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm during transcatheter aortic valve replacement using a balloon-expandable valve. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).
Project description:Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm, a rare cardiac anomaly, can be life-threatening if it ruptures. Transcatheter closure has emerged as an effective alternative to surgical management; however, it has rarely been reported in patients with previous mechanical aortic valve replacements. We describe the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with a ruptured aneurysm of the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva 14 years after the implantation of a mechanical aortic valve. The ruptured aneurysm was closed by transcatheter means with use of a double-disc perimembranous ventricular septal defect occluder. The patient remained asymptomatic one year after the procedure. Our case suggests that transcatheter closure with use of this type of occluder is a viable method for successfully repairing ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysms in patients who have mechanical aortic valves.
Project description:Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare cardiac anomaly that is usually congenital, but may be acquired. They are usually asymptomatic unless they compress adjacent structures, develop thrombosis, or rupture. A ruptured SVA (RSVA) can lead to rapid hemodynamic deterioration and often needs to be addressed emergently. Surgical correction has traditionally been the treatment of choice for RSVA; however, lately they have been successfully closed percutaneously using various transcatheter devices. Few cases of RSVA during pregnancy have been reported which were conservatively or surgically managed. There is no documented case of transcatheter closure of RSVA during pregnancy. We report the first case of successful percutaneous device closure of RSVA using an Amplatzer duct occluder in a pregnant woman presenting with heart failure due to RSVA at 26 weeks of gestation. <Learning objective: Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSVA) is traditionally repaired by surgery but more recently amenable to percutaneous intervention. Management of RSVA during pregnancy is complex and has been managed by surgery in the past incurring significant risk to fetus due to effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. We report a case of RSVA in pregnancy that was closed by transcatheter closure for the first time, thereby significantly reducing maternal and fetal risks. While risks are present during pregnancy, emergently indicated life-saving invasive cardiac procedures should not be denied solely on the pregnant state.>.
Project description:We report a rare case of ruptured right sinus of valsalva into the left ventricle (LV). Transthoracic echocardiography showed a marked turbulent flow from the right aortic sinus to the LV. We describe a novel technique of closure of this defect with duct occluder, involving the formation of an arterio-arterial loop, without resorting to the usual arteriovenous loop.
Project description:Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital cardiac anomaly, and rarely, it is associated with sinus of Valsalva aneurysms (SOVAs). And very infrequently, these SOVAs rupture into left side of heart. We hereby report a case of 12-year-old male with BAV with severe aortic stenosis with a large SOVA that ruptured into the left side of the heart. The anatomy was delineated with multimodality imaging; initially with two-dimensional trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE), and later on with three-dimensional TTE and with multi detector computed tomography. Operative interventions were planned for the patient.
Project description:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Leaflet thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been reported recently, whereas thrombus formation in sinus of Valsalva has yet to be fully evaluated. This study describes clinical and cardiac computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with sinus of Valsalva thrombosis. METHODS:Between March 2011 and Aug 2019, 192 patients underwent cardiac CT after TAVR. After a retrospective review of CT images, 9 patients (82 years, male:female=2:7) who had sinus of Valsalva thrombosis identified by cardiac CT were selected for this study. Patient demographics, interval between TAVR and cardiac CT scan, location and CT attenuation of sinus of Valsalva thrombosis, and presence of concurrent leaflet thrombosis were evaluated. RESULTS:The median interval between TAVR and cardiac CT was 11 days. Sinus of Valsalva thrombosis was frequently detected in the non-coronary sinus (89%, 8/9), and predominantly located in the bottom of the sinus extending upward towards the sinotubular junction. Three patients had concomitant leaflet thrombosis, and 3 patients had subclinical embolic stroke noted on brain magnetic resonance imaging. All patients had been prescribed aspirin and clopidogrel after TAVR for at least 6 months without anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS:Cardiac CT after TAVR can detect sinus of Valsalva thrombosis, and attention should be paid to this potential source of subsequent systemic embolization.
Project description:There is scarcity of data on closure and long-term follow-up of percutaneous treatment of ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSOVA). In this article, we present our experience in percutaneous closure of this defect. Between December 2009 and July 2014, 11 cases of RSOVA were referred to our hospital. Eight of the 11 cases (72.7%) were considered for percutaneous closure. Seven of the eight (87.5%) patients underwent successful percutaneous closure. There were four females and three males in the age group of 16 to 48 years (mean 24.7 ± 6.1 years). Associated defects were bicuspid aortic valve in one patient, mild preexisting aortic regurgitation in two patients, and healed infective endocarditis in one patient. Echocardiography revealed RSOVA from right coronary sinus (RCS) to right atrium (RA) in one patient (14.3%), RCS to right ventricular outflow in three patients (42.8%), and noncoronary sinus ruptured into RA in three patients (42.8%). All patients were symptomatic in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II to IV. The defect size ranged from 7 to 10 mm (mean 8.4 ± 1.3 mm). The defects were closed from the venous side with device selection 2 to 4 mm higher than the defect size under fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography guidance. Technical success was 87.5%. The mean device size was 12.0 ± 1.6 mm/10.0 ± 1.6 mm. Six out of seven patients (85.7%) had complete disappearance of shunt before discharge. During 1 to 55 months follow-up, all patients were in NYHA class I. There was no residual shunt, progression of AR or new AR, infective endocarditis or device embolization. Percutaneous closure of RSOVA appears to be a safe alternative to surgical therapy, with high technical success and excellent long-term outcome.