21-week Routine Antenatal Ultrasound Scan - Diagnosis of Gastroschisis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Singh RS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9944815 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
21-week Routine Antenatal Ultrasound Scan - Diagnosis of Gastroschisis.
Singh Ravi Shanker RS Bardhan Vikrant V Kumar Sunil S Saran Sonal S
Journal of medical ultrasound 20210821 4
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9724458 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveNasal fractures need timely and accurate diagnosis for required treatment to prevent future deformities and unnecessary surgery. Radiography does not provide accurate finding in this case. The aim of this study is to evaluated diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound and CT scan for acute nasal fractures.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study included patients with nasal trauma referred to (XXX) from January 2020 to December 2020. Diagnostic ultrasound and CT scan was performed on all the patients and data obtained was stored in patient data collection forms along with their demographics. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS v20.ResultsOf 32 patients included in our study, 4 (12.5%) were females and 28 (87.5%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 40.28 ± 16.9 years. The specificity and sensitivity of ultrasound was 100% and 83.33%. The accuracy of the test was 93.75%. The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy were 100%, 95% and 96.88%, respectively. Chi square test also showed that there were a significant association between nose fracture and both CT scan and ultrasound, p < 0.001.ConclusionOur study showed that both, ultrasound and CT scan are efficient for the diagnosis of nasal fractures in the patients. Further studies with greater sample size are required in this domain.
| S-EPMC9207059 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveUltrasound is widely regarded as an important adjunct to antenatal care (ANC) to guide practice and reduce perinatal mortality. We assessed the impact of ANC ultrasound use at health centres in resource-limited countries.DesignCluster randomised trial.SettingClusters within five countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia) METHODS: Clusters were randomised to standard ANC or standard care plus two ultrasounds and referral for complications. The study trained providers in intervention clusters to perform basic obstetric ultrasounds.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was a composite of maternal mortality, maternal near-miss mortality, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality.ResultsDuring the 24-month trial, 28 intervention and 28 control clusters had 24 263 and 23 160 births, respectively; 78% in the intervention clusters received at least one study ultrasound; 60% received two. The prevalence of conditions noted including twins, placenta previa, and abnormal lie was within expected ranges. 9% were referred for an ultrasound-diagnosed condition, and 71% attended the referral. The ANC (RR 1.0 95% CI 1.00, 1.01) and hospital delivery rates for complicated pregnancies (RR 1.03 95% CI 0.89, 1.20) did not differ between intervention and control clusters nor did the composite outcome (RR 1.09 95% CI 0.97, 1.23) or its individual components.ConclusionsDespite availability of ultrasound at ANC in the intervention clusters, neither ANC nor hospital delivery for complicated pregnancies increased. The composite outcome and the individual components were not reduced.Tweetable abstractAntenatal care ultrasound did not improve a composite outcome that included maternal, fetal, and neonatal mortality.
| S-EPMC6390492 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chest Ultrasound Scan (CUS) has been utilized in place of CXR in the diagnosis of adult pneumonia with similar or higher sensitivity and specificity to CXR. However, there is a paucity of data on the use of CUS for the diagnosis of childhood TB. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CUS for childhood TB. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda. Eighty children up to 14 years of age with presumptive TB were enrolled. They all had CUS and CXR performed and interpreted independently by radiologists. The radiologist who performed the CXR was blinded to the CUS findings, and vice versa. Radiologists noted whether TB was likely or unlikely. A two-by-two table was developed to compare the absolute number of children as either TB likely or TB unlikely on CXR or CUS. This was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of CUS when screening for TB in children, with a correction to accommodate the use of CXR as a reference test. The sensitivity of CUS was 64% (95% CI 48.5%-77.3%), while its specificity was 42.7% (95% CI 25.5%-60.8%). Both the CUS and CXR found 29 children with a likelihood of TB, and 27 children unlikely to have TB. CUS met the sensitivity target set by the WHO TPP for Triage, and it had a sensitivity and specificity comparable to that of CXR.
| S-EPMC10511106 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis study was performed to examine the usefulness of B-scan ocular ultrasound images for the diagnosis of optic perineuritis.ObservationsA 72-year-old woman developed nonpainful blurred vision in her left eye. At the first ophthalmological consultation, she had optic disc swelling and choroidal folds in both eyes and subretinal fluid in the left eye. She was referred to our clinic 1 month after symptom onset. At the first visit to our clinic, she still complained of blurred vision. She was found to have mild vitreous cells in the left eye and optic disc swelling in both eyes. However, the choroidal folds had already resolved in both eyes. B-scan ultrasound images displayed the optic nerve sheath as a highly reflective circle with shadowing around the optic disc in both eyes and scleral thickening in the left eye with fluid in sub-Tenon's space. Bilateral optic perineuritis with posterior scleritis seemed highly plausible. Magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous contrast revealed increased signal intensity around the optic nerve (i.e., the "tram track sign") in both eyes, which was consistent with optic perineuritis.Conclusion and importanceOptic perineuritis is a rare inflammatory disorder involving the optic nerve sheath. Although magnetic resonance imaging is reportedly useful for diagnosis of this disease, no previous reports have described B-scan ultrasound imaging for this purpose. We herein provide the first report of a patient suspected to have optic perineuritis based on B-scan images. B-scan ultrasound may be useful for diagnosis of optic perineuritis, especially with inflammation surrounding the optic nerve.
| S-EPMC6120595 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and aimEsophageal duplication cysts (EDCs) are rare congenital malformations, often discovered incidentally during endoscopy or on computed tomography (CT) scans. The role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and CT scan in the diagnosis of these lesions and indications for surgical treatment are underreported. The aim of this study was to investigate these topics in a cohort of patients.Materials and methodsBetween January 2001 and October 2020, 82 patients had a suspicion of esophageal duplication cyst on endoscopic ultrasound. Thirty four of these patients were referred for surgical enucleation of the lesion, but three patients were lost to follow-up. At the end, 31 patients, who underwent surgical treatment for their suspected EDC were included in this study. Clinical features, EUS findings, CT images, surgical treatment, and outcome were collected from hospital health records. CT images were re-evaluated by a chest radiologist. Type of surgery, surgical complications, and final histological diagnosis were reported.Results and conclusionThe patients referred for surgery were younger (p = 0.0001) and had larger lesions (> 2 cm; p = 0.005) than the patients who had non-operative follow-up. From thirty-one operated patients, eighteen (58%) had post-operative histological diagnosis of duplication cyst. On EUS the final histological diagnosis was correct in 58% (18/31) of all the operated cases and on CT scan 57% (17/30). CT scan misdiagnosed three of the EDCs but found two leiomyomas correctly. None of these patients developed malignancy. According to this study, neither EUS without fine-needle biopsy nor CT scan alone can differentiate EDCs from other mediastinal masses.
| S-EPMC11568022 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although gastroschisis is often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, there is still a gap in the literature about which prenatal ultrasound markers can predict complex gastroschisis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the ultrasound markers that characterize complex gastroschisis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the guidelines of PRISMA. The protocol was registered (PROSPERO ID CRD42020211685). Meta-analysis was displayed graphically on Forest plots, which estimate prevalence rates and risk ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, using STATA version 15.0. The combined prevalence of intestinal complications in fetuses with complex gastroschisis was 27.0%, with a higher prevalence of atresia (about 48%), followed by necrosis (about 25%). The prevalence of deaths in newborns with complex gastroschisis was 15.0%. The predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis were intraabdominal bowel dilatation (IABD) (RR 3.01, 95% CI 2.22 to 4.07; I2 = 15.7%), extra-abdominal bowel dilatation (EABD) (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.39; I2 = 77.1%), and polyhydramnios (RR 3.81, 95% CI 2.09 to 6.95; I2 = 0.0%). This review identified that IABD, EABD, and polyhydramnios were considered predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis. However, evidence regarding gestational age at the time of diagnosis is needed.
| S-EPMC8619043 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Use of ultrasound scans early in pregnancy is increasing, but we have limited knowledge about the actual prevalence, associated decision-making and impact on expectant women/couples in a general population. The aim of this study was to document the use of, and experiences related to, foetal scanning before the recommended 19th week scan among pregnant women in Iceland. POPULATION AND METHODS:The data come from the Icelandic Childbirth and Health Cohort Study 2009-11. A total of 1111 women attending prenatal care at primary care health centres answered questionnaires before mid-pregnancy and after birth, including questions about the number of scanning procedures during pregnancy. These might include consumer-initiated 'pregnancy confirmation scans,' scans for clinical reasons, and screening for foetal anomalies in week 11-14 which is optional in Iceland. The questionnaires also addressed parental decision-making associated with the 11-14?week screening, perception of the pre-screening information, reasons for attending or declining, and whether/how early foetal screening affected the women's concerns related to the unborn child. RESULTS:A total of 95% of the women reported some kind of foetal ultrasound scanning before the 19th week scan, and 64% reported two or more scans in this period. 78% of the women chose to participate in screening for foetal anomalies in week 11-14. Decision-making in relation to this screening was mainly informed by sources outside the healthcare system, and many women characterized participation as 'self-evident'. Most women felt they got sufficient information about the scope of screening, whilst information regarding potential downsides and risks was frequently perceived as insufficient. Most women who chose the 11-14?week screening reported a reassuring or neutral effect, whilst 10% of the women reported that it increased their concerns related to their unborn child. CONCLUSIONS:Ultrasound scans in the first half of pregnancy are in high use in Iceland and have apparently become part of a broader pregnancy culture, encompassing both high- and low-risk pregnancies. Whether this is a favourable development or to some extent represents unwarranted medicalization, can be debated. More balanced information might be provided prior to early screening for foetal anomalies.
| S-EPMC6311056 | biostudies-other
Project description:The 3D volumetric transabdominal study with rendering mode is a very useful tool to perform a detailed study of the uterine wall, and it allows us to create a safe and early strategy during pregnancy in uterine dehiscences, as we show in this case in the 16th week of gestation.
| S-EPMC5538205 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectiveTo determine whether complex gastroschisis (ie, intestinal atresia, perforation, necrosis, or volvulus) can prenatally be distinguished from simple gastroschisis by fetal stomach volume and stomach-bladder distance, using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound.MethodsThis multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted in the Netherlands between 2010 and 2015. Of seven university medical centers, we included the four centers that performed longitudinal 3D ultrasound measurements at a regular basis. We calculated stomach volumes (n = 223) using Sonography-based Automated Volume Count. The shortest stomach-bladder distance (n = 241) was determined using multiplanar visualization of the volume datasets. We used linear mixed modelling to evaluate the effect of gestational age and type of gastroschisis (simple or complex) on fetal stomach volume and stomach-bladder distance.ResultsWe included 79 affected fetuses. Sixty-six (84%) had been assessed with 3D ultrasound at least once; 64 of these 66 were liveborn, nine (14%) had complex gastroschisis. With advancing gestational age, stomach volume significantly increased, and stomach-bladder distance decreased (both P < .001). The developmental changes did not differ significantly between fetuses with simple and complex gastroschisis, neither for fetal stomach volume (P = .85), nor for stomach bladder distance (P = .78).ConclusionFetal stomach volume and stomach-bladder distance, measured during pregnancy using 3D ultrasonography, do not predict complex gastroschisis.
| S-EPMC6972561 | biostudies-literature