Dataset Information

Inhomogeneities in the Catholyte Channel Limit the Upscaling of CO₂ Flow Electrolysers.

ABSTRACT: The use of gas diffusion electrodes that supply gaseous CO₂ directly to the catalyst layer has greatly improved the performance of electrochemical CO₂ conversion. However, reports of high current densities and Faradaic efficiencies primarily come from small lab scale electrolysers. Such electrolysers typically have a geometric area of 5 cm², while an industrial electrolyser would require an area closer to 1 m². The difference in scales means that many limitations that manifest only for larger electrolysers are not captured in lab scale setups. We develop a 2D computational model of both a lab scale and upscaled CO₂ electrolyser to determine performance limitations at larger scales and how they compare to the performance limitations observed at the lab scale. We find that for the same current density larger electrolysers exhibit much greater reaction and local environment inhomogeneity. Increasing catalyst layer pH and widening concentration boundary layers of the KHCO₃ buffer in the electrolyte channel lead to higher activation overpotential and increased parasitic loss of reactant CO₂ to the electrolyte solution. We show that a variable catalyst loading along the direction of the flow channel may improve the economics of a large scale CO₂ electrolyser.

SUBMITTER: Blake JW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9945194 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Inhomogeneities in the Catholyte Channel Limit the Upscaling of CO2 Flow Electrolysers.

Blake Joseph W JW Konderla Vojtěch V Baumgartner Lorenz M LM Vermaas David A DA Padding Johan T JT Haverkort J W JW

ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 20230207 7

The use of gas diffusion electrodes that supply gaseous CO2 directly to the catalyst layer has greatly improved the performance of electrochemical CO2 conversion. However, reports of high current densities and Faradaic efficiencies primarily come from small lab scale electrolysers. Such electrolysers typically have a geometric area of 5 cm2, while an industrial electrolyser would require an area closer to 1 m2. The difference in scales means that many ...[more]

PMID: 36844750

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Project description:BackgroundThe endocannabinoid system has previously been implicated in the regulation of neurons and inflammatory cells. Additionally, it has been reported that endocannabinoid receptors are present on circulating platelets, but there has been conflicting evidence on their contribution to platelet function.ObjectivesOur aim was to examine the role of endocannabinoids in platelet function in vitro and in vivo.Methods and resultsWe studied the effects of the well-characterized endogenous endocannabinoid anandamide on platelet aggregation in suspension, α-granule release, calcium mobilization, Syk phosphorylation, as well as platelet spreading and aggregate formation under flow. Anandamide inhibits platelet aggregation and α-granule release by collagen, collagen-derived peptide CRP-XL, ADP, arachidonic acid and thromboxane A2 analogue U46619. However, activation via thrombin receptor PAR-1 stays largely unaffected. Calcium mobilization is significantly impaired when platelets are stimulated with collagen or CRP-XL, but remains normal in the presence of the other agonists. In line with this finding, we found that anandamide prevents collagen-induced Syk phosphorylation. Furthermore, anandamide-treated platelets exhibit reduced spreading on immobilized fibrinogen, have a decreased capacity for binding fibrinogen in solution and show perturbed platelet aggregate formation under flow over collagen. Finally, we investigated the influence of Cannabis sativa consumption by human volunteers on platelet activation. Similar to our in vitro findings with anandamide, ex vivo collagen-induced platelet aggregation and aggregate formation on immobilized collagen under flow were impaired in whole blood of donors that had consumed Cannabis sativa.ConclusionsEndocannabinoid receptor agonists reduce platelet activation and aggregate formation both in vitro and ex vivo after Cannabis sativa consumption. Further elucidation of this novel regulatory mechanism for platelet function may prove beneficial in the search for new antithrombotic therapies.

Dataset Information

Inhomogeneities in the Catholyte Channel Limit the Upscaling of CO₂ Flow Electrolysers.

Publications

Inhomogeneities in the Catholyte Channel Limit the Upscaling of CO<sub>2</sub> Flow Electrolysers.

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