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Block Copolymer-Assisted Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Effective Removal of Congo Red.

ABSTRACT: Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized via a block copolymer-assisted hydrothermal method and the phase purity and the crystal structure were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffractometer spectra shows the hexagonal phase symmetry of α-Fe₂O₃. Further, the vibrational study suggests Raman active modes: 2A1g + 5Eg associated with α-Fe₂O₃, which corroborates the Rietveld analysis and orbital analysis of 2PFe. The superparamagnetic behavior is confirmed by magnetic measurements performed by the physical properties measurement system. The systematic study of the Congo red (CR) interaction with IONPs using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system equipped with a triple quadrupole mass analyzer and an electrospray ionization interface shows effective adsorption. In visible light, the Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles get easily excited and generate electrons and holes. The photogenerated electrons reduce the Fe³⁺ ions to Fe²⁺ ions. The Fe²⁺/H₂O₂ oxidizes CR by the Fenton mechanism. The strong adsorption ability of prepared nanoparticles towards dyes attributes the potential candidates for wastewater treatment and other catalytic applications.

SUBMITTER: Bhattarai MK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9964741 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Block Copolymer-Assisted Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Effective Removal of Congo Red.

Bhattarai Mohan K MK Ashie Moses D MD Dugu Sita S Subedi Kiran K Bastakoti Bishnu P BP Morell Gerardo G Katiyar Ram S RS

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20230217 4

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized via a block copolymer-assisted hydrothermal method and the phase purity and the crystal structure were investigated by X-ray diffraction. The Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffractometer spectra shows the hexagonal phase symmetry of α-Fe2O3. Further, the vibrational study suggests Raman active modes: 2A1g + 5Eg associated with α-Fe2O3, which corroborates the Rietveld analysis and orbital analysis of 2PFe. ...[more]

PMID: 36838902

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Project description:Well-defined sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles of 29 nm diameter are prepared by RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate using a dithiobenzoate-capped poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) precursor. These nanoparticles are evaluated as a dispersant for the preparation of organic crystalline microparticles via ball milling. This is exemplified for azoxystrobin, which is a broad-spectrum fungicide that is widely used to protect various food crops. Laser diffraction and optical microscopy studies indicate the formation of azoxystrobin microparticles of approximately 2 μm diameter after ball milling for 10 min at 400 rpm. Nanoparticle adsorption at the surface of these azoxystrobin microparticles is confirmed by electron microscopy studies. The extent of nanoparticle adsorption on the azoxystrobin microparticles can be quantified using a supernatant assay based on solution densitometry. This technique indicates an adsorbed amount of approximately 5.5 mg m-2, which is sufficient to significantly reduce the negative zeta potential exhibited by azoxystrobin. Moreover, this adsorbed amount appears to be essentially independent of the nature of the core-forming block, with similar data being obtained for both poly(methyl methacrylate)- and poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate)-based nanoparticles. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm attenuation of the underlying N1s signal arising from the azoxystrobin microparticles by the former adsorbed nanoparticles, suggesting a fractional surface coverage of approximately 0.24. This value is consistent with a theoretical surface coverage of 0.25 calculated from the adsorption isotherm data. Overall, this study suggests that sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles may offer a useful alternative approach to traditional soluble copolymer dispersants for the preparation of suspension concentrates affecting the context of agrochemical applications.

Project description:(1) Background: A comparative research study to remove Congo Red (CR) and Methyl Orange (MO) from single and binary solutions by adsorption onto cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and cobalt ferrite-chitosan composite (CoFe2O4-Chit) prepared by a simple coprecipitation method has been performed. (2) Methods: Structural, textural, morphology, and magnetic properties of the obtained magnetic materials were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and magnetic measurements. The optimal operating conditions of the CR and MO removal processes were established in batch experiments. The mathematical models used to describe the processes at equilibrium were Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. (3) Results: Cobalt ferrite-chitosan composite has a lower specific surface area (SBET) and consequently a lower adsorption capacity than cobalt ferrite. CoFe2O4 and CoFe2O4-Chit particles exhibited a superparamagnetic behavior which enabled their efficient magnetic separation after the adsorption process. The research indicates that CR and MO adsorption onto prepared magnetic materials takes place as monolayer onto a homogeneous surface. According to Langmuir isotherm model that best fits the experimental data, the maximum CR/MO adsorption capacity is 162.68/94.46 mg/g for CoFe2O4 and 15.60/66.18 mg/g for CoFe2O4-Chit in single solutions. The results of the kinetics study revealed that in single-component solutions, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models represent well the adsorption process of CR/MO on both magnetic adsorbents. In binary solutions, adsorption of CR/MO on CoFe2O4 better follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, while the kinetic of CR/MO adsorption on CoFe2O4-Chit is similar to that of the dyes in single-component solutions. Acetone and ethanol were successfully used as desorbing agents. (4) Conclusions: Our study revealed that CoFe2O4 and CoFe2O4-Chit particles are good candidates for dye-contaminated wastewater remediation.

Dataset Information

Block Copolymer-Assisted Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Effective Removal of Congo Red.

Publications

Block Copolymer-Assisted Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Effective Removal of Congo Red.

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