Dataset Information

Serial dependencies between locomotion and visual space.

ABSTRACT: How do we know the spatial distance of objects around us? Only by physical interaction within an environment can we measure true physical distances. Here, we investigated the possibility that travel distances, measured during walking, could be used to calibrate visual spatial perception. The sensorimotor contingencies that arise during walking were carefully altered using virtual reality and motion tracking. Participants were asked to walk to a briefly highlighted location. During walking, we systematically changed the optic flow, i.e., the ratio between the visual and physical motion speed. Although participants remained unaware of this manipulation, they walked a shorter or longer distance as a function of the optic flow speed. Following walking, participants were required to estimate the perceived distance of visual objects. We found that visual estimates were serially dependent on the experience of the manipulated flow in the previous trial. Additional experiments confirmed that to affect visual perception, both visual and physical motion are required. We conclude that the brain constantly uses movements to measure space for both, actions, and perception.

SUBMITTER: Wiesing M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9970965 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Serial dependencies between locomotion and visual space.

Wiesing Michael M Zimmermann Eckart E

Scientific reports 20230227 1

How do we know the spatial distance of objects around us? Only by physical interaction within an environment can we measure true physical distances. Here, we investigated the possibility that travel distances, measured during walking, could be used to calibrate visual spatial perception. The sensorimotor contingencies that arise during walking were carefully altered using virtual reality and motion tracking. Participants were asked to walk to a briefly highlighted location. During walking, we sy ...[more]

PMID: 36849556

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Project description:Many decisions are expressed as a preference for one item over another. When these items are familiar, it is often assumed that the decision maker assigns a value to each of the items and chooses the item with the highest value. These values may be imperfectly recalled, but are assumed to be stable over the course of an interview or psychological experiment. Choices that are inconsistent with a stated valuation are thought to occur because of unspecified noise that corrupts the neural representation of value. Assuming that the noise is uncorrelated over time, the pattern of choices and response times in value-based decisions are modeled within the framework of Bounded Evidence Accumulation (BEA), similar to that used in perceptual decision-making. In BEA, noisy evidence samples accumulate over time until the accumulated evidence for one of the options reaches a threshold. Here, we argue that the assumption of temporally uncorrelated noise, while reasonable for perceptual decisions, is not reasonable for value-based decisions. Subjective values depend on the internal state of the decision maker, including their desires, needs, priorities, attentional state, and goals. These internal states may change over time, or undergo revaluation, as will the subjective values. We reasoned that these hypothetical value changes should be detectable in the pattern of choices made over a sequence of decisions. We reanalyzed data from a well-studied task in which participants were presented with pairs of snacks and asked to choose the one they preferred. Using a novel algorithm (Reval), we show that the subjective value of the items changes significantly during a short experimental session (about 1 hour). Values derived with Reval explain choice and response time better than explicitly stated values. They also better explain the BOLD signal in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, known to represent the value of decision alternatives. Revaluation is also observed in a BEA model in which successive evidence samples are not assumed to be independent. We argue that revaluation is a consequence of the process by which values are constructed during deliberation to resolve preference choices.

Dataset Information

Serial dependencies between locomotion and visual space.

Publications

Serial dependencies between locomotion and visual space.

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