The Role of Cow's Milk Consumption in Breast Cancer Initiation and Progression.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose of review

This review evaluates cow milk's impact on breast carcinogenesis by linking recent epidemiological evidence and new insights into the molecular signaling of milk and its constituents in breast cancer (BCa) pathogenesis.

Recent findings

Recent prospective cohort studies support the association between cow's milk consumption and the risk of estrogen receptor-α-positive (ER⁺) BCa. Milk is a complex biological fluid that increases systemic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin and estrogen signaling, and interacting hormonal promoters of BCa. Further potential oncogenic components of commercial milk include exosomal microRNAs (miR-148a-3p, miR-21-5p), bovine meat and milk factors, aflatoxin M1, bisphenol A, pesticides, and micro- and nanoplas

SUBMITTER: Melnik BC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9974716 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature