Threats to external validity in the neuroprediction of substance use treatment outcomes.

ABSTRACT: Background: Tools predicting individual relapse risk would invaluably inform clinical decision-making (e.g. level-of-care) in substance use treatment. Studies of neuroprediction - use of neuromarkers to predict individual outcomes - have the dual potential to create such tools and inform etiological models leading to new treatments. However, financial limitations, statistical power demands, and related factors encourage restrictive selection criteria, yielding samples that do not fully represent the target population. This problem may be further compounded by a lack of statistical optimism correction in neuroprediction research, resulting in predictive models that are overfit to already-restricted samples.Objectives: This systematic review aims to identify potential threats t

SUBMITTER: Gancz NN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9974755 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature