Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Background
Invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) with squamous and glandular differentiation is a highly malignant and complicated pathological subtype, and the standard care is radical cystectomy (RC). However, urinary diversion after RC significantly reduces patient quality of life, thus bladder-sparing therapy has become a research hotspot in this field. Recently, five immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for systemic therapy of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer by the Food and Drug Administration, but the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for invasive UC is still unknown, especially for pathological subtypes with squamous and glandular differentiation.Case summary
We report the case of a 60-year-old male who complained of repetitiv
SUBMITTER: Yang R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9979306 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature