Expression data of A375 melanoma cells after DMSO or MLN4924 treatment from 1 hour to 24 hour
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ABSTRACT: Microarrays were used to determine the change in gene expression of genes involved in the CDT1/NAE pathway A375 cells were grown and then incubated in the presence of either DMSO as control or 650nM MLN4924. Cells were treated for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours. RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix HG-U133Plus 2.0 arrays were performed.
Project description:Microarrays were used to determine the change in gene expression of genes involved in the CDT1/NAE pathway A375 cells were grown and then incubated in the presence of either DMSO as control or 650nM MLN4924. Cells were treated for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours. RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix HG-U133Plus 2.0 arrays were performed.
Project description:Microarrays were used to determine the change in gene expression of genes involved in the p53 pathway after siRNA knock down of p53, CDT1 or BRCA1 A375 cells were grown, transfected with siRNA, incubated for 48hrs, then incubated for another 26hrs in the presence of either 0.065% DMSO as control, 650nM MLN4924, 5uM Nutlin or 100nM Daunorubicin. RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix HG-U133Plus 2.0 arrays were performed. 12 conditions in triplicate for a total of 42 samples
Project description:Microarrays were used to determine the change in gene expression of genes involved in the p53 pathway after siRNA knock down of p53, CDT1 or BRCA1 A375 cells were grown, transfected with siRNA, incubated for 48hrs, then incubated for another 26hrs in the presence of either 0.065% DMSO as control, 650nM MLN4924, 5uM Nutlin or 100nM Daunorubicin. RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix HG-U133Plus 2.0 arrays were performed.
Project description:Microarrays were used to determine the change in gene expression of genes involved in the p53 pathway after siRNA knock down of p53, CDT1 or BRCA1 A375 cells were grown, transfected with siRNA, incubated for 48hrs, then incubated for another 26hrs in the presence of either 0.065% DMSO as control, 650nM MLN4924, 5uM Nutlin or 100nM Daunorubicin. RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix HG-U133Plus 2.0 arrays were performed. 12 conditions in triplicate for a total of 42 samples
Project description:Vemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor with specificity for the most common BRAF mutant encountered in melanomas (BRAFV600E). Vemurafenib suppresses the proliferation of BRAF mutant human melanoma cells by suppressing downstream activation of the MEK/ERK mitogen activated protein kinases. We used microarrays to examine the transcriptional response of a vemurafenib-sensitive BRAFV600E human melanoma cell line (A375) to vemurafenib in order to further delineate the mechanisms by which BRAFV600E drives cell proliferation and energy metabolism in human melanoma. BRAFV600E A375 human melanoma cells were treated with vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or 10 uM vemurafenib for 24 h after which total RNA was extracted. Cells were prepared and RNA was extracted in 3 separate batches (three different cell stocks on three separate days) providing three independent replicates (n=3). Paired replicates (prepared from the same stock of cells on the same day) are denoted by A, B and C.
Project description:Dacarbazine (DTIC) is the treatment of choice for metastatic melanoma, but its response in patients remains very poor. Ceramide has been shown to be a death effector and to play an important role in regulating cancer cell growth upon chemotherapy. Among ceramidases, the enzymes that catabolize ceramide, acid ceramidase (aCDase) has been implicated in cancer progression. Here we show that DTIC elicits a time- and dose-dependent decrease of aCDase activity and an increase of intracellular ceramide levels in human A375 melanoma cells. The loss of enzyme activity occurred as a consequence of reactive oxygen species-dependent activation of cathepsin B-mediated degradation of aCDase. These events preceded autophagic features and loss of cell viability. Down-regulation of acid but not neutral or alkaline ceramidase 2 resulted in elevated levels of ceramide and sensitization to the toxic effects of DTIC. Conversely, inducible overexpression of acid but not neutral ceramidase reduced ceramide levels and conferred resistance to DTIC. In conclusion, we report that increased levels of ceramide, due to enhanced degradation of aCDase, are in part responsible for the cell death effects of DTIC. These results suggest that down-regulation of aCDase alone or in combination with DTIC may represent a useful tool in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
Project description:Analysis of gene expression and compare the significant changed genes with associated phenotypes Total RNA extracted from adherent and suspension culture of A375 cells
Project description:Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key regulator of genes crucial to many aspects of cancer biology. The purine nucleoside, adenosine, accumulates within many tissues under hypoxic conditions, including that of tumors. Because the levels of both HIF-1 and adenosine are elevated within the hypoxic environment of solid tumors, we investigated whether adenosine may regulate HIF-1. Here we show that, under hypoxic conditions (< 2% O2), adenosine upregulates HIF-1alpha protein expression in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, exclusively through the A3 receptor subtype. The response to adenosine was generated at the cell surface because the inhibition of A3 receptor expression, by using small interfering RNA, abolished nucleoside effects. A3 receptor stimulation in hypoxia also increases angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) protein accumulation through the induction of HIF-1alpha. In particular, we found that A3 receptor stimulation activates p44/p42 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, which are required for A3-induced increase of HIF-1alpha and Ang-2. Collectively, these results suggest a cooperation between hypoxic and adenosine signals that ultimately may lead to the increase in HIF-1-mediated effects in cancer cells.
Project description:Acquired drug tolerance has been a major challenge in cancer therapy. Recent evidence has revealed the existence of slow-cycling persister cells that survive drug treatments and give rise to multi-drug-tolerant mutants in cancer. Cells in this dynamic persister state can escape drug treatment by undergoing various epigenetic changes, which may result in a transient metabolic rewiring. In this study, with the use of untargeted metabolomics and phenotype microarrays, we characterize the metabolic profiles of melanoma persister cells mediated by treatment with vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor. Our findings demonstrate that metabolites associated with phospholipid synthesis, pyrimidine, and one-carbon metabolism and branched-chain amino acid metabolism are significantly altered in vemurafenib persister cells when compared to the bulk cancer population. Our data also show that vemurafenib persisters have higher lactic acid consumption rates than control cells, further validating the existence of a unique metabolic reprogramming in these drug-tolerant cells. Determining the metabolic mechanisms underlying persister cell survival and maintenance will facilitate the development of novel treatment strategies that target persisters and enhance cancer therapy.