Migration of indwelling central venous catheter and fatal hydrothorax.
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ABSTRACT: Central venous catheter complications can be related to insertion, indwelling, or extraction. Most of the times, immediate complications are anticipated and managed; whereas, delayed complications can go unnoticed. In the case discussed here, migration and dislodgement of catheter tip resulted in delayed hydrothorax and sudden death of a 9-month-old female infant.
Project description:Percutaneous Central Venous Catheter (CVC) insertion using internal jugular and Subclavian veins routes is common procedure for all intensive care admitted patients and some patients in the ward as demand arises in central and referral hospitals of Botswana. This is a case report of a patient on whom a third attempt of re-inserting a CVC for fluid and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was made. X-ray showed that left Subclavian inserted catheter was mis-directed to internal jugular vein of the same side creating discomfort to the patient. Ultra sound is recommended for routine investigation to confirm proper Central venous catheter placement as it can reduce failure, minimize complication and reduce cost of treatment.
Project description:BackgroundCentral Venous Catheters (CVC) are being used in both intensive care units and general wards for multiple purposes. A previous study Galante et al. (2017) observed that during CVC insertion through Subclavian Vein (SCV) or the Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) the guidewire is sometimes advanced to the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC), and at other times to the right atrium. The rate of IVC wire cannulation and the association with side and point of insertion is unknown.ObjectiveIn this study, we describe guidewire migration location during real time CVC cannulation (right atrium versus IVC) and report the association between the insertion site and side of the CVC and the location of guidewire migration, Right Atrium (RA)/Right Ventricle (RV) versus IVC guidewire migration.MethodsThis is a retrospective study in the medical intensive care unit among patients that have received CVC during the study years 2014-2020. The rate of IVC versus right atrium/right ventricle wire migration during the procedure were analyzed. The association between the side and point of CVC insertion and the wire migration site was analyzed as well.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled. 33.7% of wires migrated to the IVC and 66.3% to the versus right atrium/right ventricle. The rate of wire migration to the IVC was similar in the IJV site and the SCV site. There was no association between the side of CVC insertion and wire migration to the IVC.ConclusionAbout a third of all wire migrations, during CVC Seldinger technique insertion, were identified in the IVC, with no potential for wire associated arrhythmia. There was no association between CVC insertion point (SCV versus IJV) nor the side of insertion and the site of guidewire migration.
Project description:IntroductionCentral venous catheters related thrombosis (CRT) insertion has been shown to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism, particularly pulmonary embolism (PE). Nevertheless, deaths cased due to PE have been rarely reported.Patient concernsA central venous catheter was introduced through the right jugular vein during the operation due to severe septic shock from a 57-year-old male patient. Two days after surgery, the hemodynamics was stable. On the 7th day, and low molecular weight heparin calcium (4100 units, once a day) was added for anticoagulation to prevent venous thromboembolism. On the 15th day, during the process of central venous catheter removal, the patient suddenly lost consciousness, suffered cardiac arrest, and received emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation.DiagnosisJugular venous catheter-associated thrombosis and fatal PE. An acute bedside ultrasound showed a thrombus drifting with the blood stream in the right jugular vein. The lower section of the xiphoid process by echocardiography showed decreased systolic amplitude of the right atrium and right ventricle, widened and fixed inferior vena cava, and no variation with respiration. Para-sternal left ventricular long axis section showed that the right ventricular outflow tract was significantly extended, and the contraction amplitude of the anterior and posterior walls of the left ventricle decreased. Left ventricular short axis section indicated a right ventricle enlargement and ventricular septum deviation of left ventricle, showing "D" sign. Apical 4-chamber view showed that the right ventricular ratio increased and the contractile capacity decreased.InterventionsOne and a half million units of urokinase were immediately given trough intravenous drip.OutcomesTwenty minutes after thrombolysis, the patient's autonomic heart rhythm was recovered, but continued to suffer from hypotension and coma, followed by multiple organ failure, and died 50 hours later.ConclusionRecent clinical practice guidelines recommend against the routine use of any anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in patients with central venous catheters, but for patients at particularly high risk for CRT, consideration can be given to using higher doses of anticoagulant as prophylaxis, although there are virtually no data to support this approach.
Project description:BackgroundManagement of PICC dressing can be performed at home by the patient through adequate training and telenursing. This trial verifies that the incidence of catheter-related complications in home patients, assisted by telenursing, is not greater than that observed in outpatients.MethodsThis clinical trial is composed of 72 patients with malignant tumors who underwent long-term chemotherapy with PICC insertion. They were randomly divided into an experimental group (33 cases) and a calibration group (39 cases). The control group received outpatient dressing for the PICC at the hospital, while the experimental group received a telenursing intervention about the management of the PICC. The incidence of catheter-related infections, the ability of self-management, and a rough cost/benefit estimation were compared between the two groups. This trial was performed according to the CONSORT 2010 checklist.ResultsThe two groups do not significantly differ in relation to age, sex, and PICCs in terms of the body side insertion, the type of dressing, and the agents used for cleaning. The analysis of the results showed that in the home-managed group, the clinical events reported during the connection were higher when compared with the outpatient group (p < 0.001). The patients in the homecare group developed frequent complications resulting from skin redness (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe use of telenursing for patient education in cancer centers can reduce nurses' working time, improving the self-management capacity of patients with a long-term PICC. This trial was retrospectively registered with the Clinical Trial Gov on the 18 May 2023 with registration number NCT05880420.
Project description:IntroductionChildren may require durable central venous catheters (CVCs) for various reasons. CVC-related integrity complications are common and can often be repaired at the bedside to increase lifetime. Variability in repair techniques can lead to complications, including the need for repeat repair and Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI).MethodsThe impact of an educational curriculum to standardize tunneled CVC repairs for trainees on a pediatric surgery service was studied, focusing on comfort level with tunneled CVC repair and to determine the impact on complication rates. Rotating trainees studied a dedicated audiovisual educational curriculum comprised of a video, educational slides, and a practical component from November 2020 through January 2022. Experience and comfort level with tunneled CVC repairs were assessed before and after the rotation. CVCs repaired during the duration of the study were evaluated and compared to the period prior.ResultsForty-nine individuals completed the pre- and post-training survey. Respondents (34.7%, n = 17) most commonly reported one year of surgical experience, and (79.6%, n = 39) had never observed or assisted in a repair previously. Following training, respondents felt more comfortable with all aspects of the CVC repair process (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in re-repair rates or CLABSI rates following the implementation of the curriculum.ConclusionsTunneled CVC procedural repair variability can be standardized with a dedicated educational curriculum for rotating trainees, which improves knowledge and comfort with such procedures.
Project description:I present the case of a 24-year-old female patient with a guidewire entrapment during central venous catheter insertion. At first, open surgery was considered to remove the entrapped guidewire; however, after vascular surgery consult, it was removed by a simple endovascular procedure described below in detail.
Project description:Unidentified fractures of indwelling tunneled catheters are presumably rare and possibly underreported, but their consideration is important in patients with a history of catheter placement with otherwise unexplained, atypical chest pain.
Project description:ObjectivesChest X-ray (CXR) is routinely required for assessing Central Venous Catheter (CVC) tip position after insertion, but there is limited data as to the movement of the tip location during hospitalization. We aimed to assess the migration of Central Venous Catheter (CVC) position, as a significant movement of catheter tip location may challenge some of the daily practice after insertion.Design and settingsRetrospective, single-center study, conducted in the Intensive Care and Cardiovascular Intensive Care Units in Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center 'Ichilov', Israel, between January and June 2019.PatientsWe identified 101 patients with a CVC in the Right Internal Jugular (RIJ) with at least two CXRs during hospitalization.Measurements and resultsFor each patient, we measured the CVC tip position below the carina level in the first and all consecutive CXRs. The average initial tip position was 1.52 (±1.9) cm (mean±SD) below the carina. The maximal migration distance from the initial insertion position was 1.9 (±1) cm (mean±SD). During follow-up of 2 to 5 days, 92% of all subject's CVCs remained within the range of the Superior Vena Cava to the top of the right atrium, regardless of the initial positioning.ConclusionsCVC tip position can migrate significantly during a patient's early hospitalization period regardless of primary location, although for most patients it will remain within a wide range of the top of the right atrium and the middle of the Superior Vena Cava (SVC), if accepted as well-positioned.