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Salt-responsive gut commensal modulates TH17 axis and disease.

ABSTRACT: A Western lifestyle with high salt consumption can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. High salt may additionally drive autoimmunity by inducing T helper 17 (TH17) cells, which can also contribute to hypertension. Induction of TH17 cells depends on gut microbiota; however, the effect of salt on the gut microbiome is unknown. Here we show that high salt intake affects the gut microbiome in mice, particularly by depleting Lactobacillus murinus. Consequently, treatment of mice with L. murinus prevented salt-induced aggravation of actively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and salt-sensitive hypertension by modulating TH17 cells. In line with these findings, a moderate high-salt challenge in a pilot study in humans reduced intestinal survival of Lactobacillus spp., increased TH17 cells and increased blood pressure. Our results connect high salt intake to the gut-immune axis and highlight the gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target to counteract salt-sensitive conditions.

SUBMITTER: Wilck N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6070150 | biostudies-other | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Salt-responsive gut commensal modulates T<sub>H</sub>17 axis and disease.

Wilck Nicola N   Matus Mariana G MG   Kearney Sean M SM   Olesen Scott W SW   Forslund Kristoffer K   Bartolomaeus Hendrik H   Haase Stefanie S   Mähler Anja A   Balogh András A   Markó Lajos L   Vvedenskaya Olga O   Kleiner Friedrich H FH   Tsvetkov Dmitry D   Klug Lars L   Costea Paul I PI   Sunagawa Shinichi S   Maier Lisa L   Rakova Natalia N   Schatz Valentin V   Neubert Patrick P   Frätzer Christian C   Krannich Alexander A   Gollasch Maik M   Grohme Diana A DA   Côrte-Real Beatriz F BF   Gerlach Roman G RG   Basic Marijana M   Typas Athanasios A   Wu Chuan C   Titze Jens M JM   Jantsch Jonathan J   Boschmann Michael M   Dechend Ralf R   Kleinewietfeld Markus M   Kempa Stefan S   Bork Peer P   Linker Ralf A RA   Alm Eric J EJ   Müller Dominik N DN  

Nature 20171115 7682

A Western lifestyle with high salt consumption can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. High salt may additionally drive autoimmunity by inducing T helper 17 (T<sub>H</sub>17) cells, which can also contribute to hypertension. Induction of T<sub>H</sub>17 cells depends on gut microbiota; however, the effect of salt on the gut microbiome is unknown. Here we show that high salt intake affects the gut microbiome in mice, particularly by depleting Lactobacillus murinus. Consequently, trea  ...[more]