Dataset Information

Mosquito-borne infectious disease, risk-perceptions, and personal protective behavior among U.S. international travelers.

ABSTRACT: Vector-borne diseases account for a significant amount of the global infectious disease burden, including morbidity and mortality. In particular, mosquito-borne infectious diseases (MBIDs) have the greatest burden in number of cases, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years and their prevention and control is critical. However, prevention efforts are hindered by the absence of vaccines and failure of long-term mosquito vector control for these MBIDs. Thus, personal protective behaviors (PPBs) may offer the most promising and effective mode of prevention. This study examines the impact of awareness, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity for five MBIDs (e.g., Malaria, Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya and West Nile) on the adoption of PPBs. Study participants (n?=?1043) were recruited from a probability-based internet panel of adult United States residents with a history of traveling outside of the country in the past year. Data were collected in the U.S. between June 7, 2017 and June 12, 2017. Our findings show that awareness of Zika disease among respondents was consistently associated with adoption of all three PPBs. Respondents that reported high-perceived severity for all five MBIDs were also more likely to report adopting the PPBs of wearing covering clothing and use of mosquito repellent spray. Our findings indicate that U.S. travelers are largely more concerned about Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue than Malaria and West Nile and that these concerns drive their adoption of the three recommended PPBs. This information should inform the development and design of future public health campaigns for behavior modification to prevent MBIDs.

SUBMITTER: Omodior O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6222040 | biostudies-other | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Mosquito-borne infectious disease, risk-perceptions, and personal protective behavior among U.S. international travelers.

Omodior Oghenekaro O Luetke Maya C MC Nelson Erik J EJ

Preventive medicine reports 20181031

Vector-borne diseases account for a significant amount of the global infectious disease burden, including morbidity and mortality. In particular, mosquito-borne infectious diseases (MBIDs) have the greatest burden in number of cases, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years and their prevention and control is critical. However, prevention efforts are hindered by the absence of vaccines and failure of long-term mosquito vector control for these MBIDs. Thus, personal protective behaviors (PPB ...[more]

PMID: 30416953

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Project description:BackgroundAedes aegypti, the vector of arboviral diseases such as dengue and Zika virus infections, is difficult to control. Effective interventions must be practicable, comprehensive, and sustained. There is evidence that community participation can enhance mosquito control. Therefore, countries are encouraged to develop and integrate community-based approaches to mosquito control to mitigate Aedes-borne infectious diseases (ABIDs). Health professionals must understand the contexts motivating individuals' behaviour to improve community participation and promote behavioural change. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how contexts shaped individuals' protective behaviours related to ABIDs in Curaçao.MethodsFrom April 2019 to September 2020, a multi-method qualitative study applying seven (n = 54) focus group discussions and twenty-five in-depth interviews with locals was performed in Curaҫao. The study was designed based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Two cycles of inductive and deductive coding were employed, and Nvivo software was used to manage and analyse the data.ResultsIn this study, low media coverage (external cue to action) and limited experience with the symptoms of ABIDs (internal cue to action) were linked with a low perceived susceptibility and severity of ABIDs (low perceived threat). The low perceived threat was linked with reduced health-seeking behaviour (HSB) to prevent and control ABIDs. We also found that the perceived barriers outweigh the perceived benefits of ABID prevention and control interventions, obstructing HSB. On the one hand, insufficient knowledge reduced self-efficacy but contrary to expected, having good knowledge did not promote HSB. Lastly, we found that our participants believe that they are responsible for preventing ABIDs (internal locus of control) but at the same time indicated that their success depends on the efforts of the community and the health system (external locus of control).ConclusionsThis study used the HBM to explain individual changes in HSB concerning ABIDs prevention and control in Curaçao. We can conclude that the perceived threat (perceived susceptibility and severity) and perceived barriers played an essential role in changing HSB. Health professionals must consider these two concepts' implications when designing a bottom-up approach for ABIDs control; otherwise, community participation will remain minimal.

Project description:BackgroundThe Gulf Coast of the United States is home to mosquito vectors that may spread disease causing pathogens, and environmental conditions that are ideal for the sustained transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens. Understanding public perceptions of mosquito-borne diseases and mosquito prevention strategies is critical for the development of effective vector control strategies and public health interventions. Here, we present a survey conducted in Mobile, Alabama along the Gulf Coast to better understand public perceptions of mosquito-borne diseases, mosquito control activities, and potential risk factors.MethodsUsing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAPs) assessments, we surveyed populations living in 12 zip codes in Mobile, Alabama using a 7-point Likert scale and frequency assessments. Survey participants were asked about vector control efforts, knowledge of mosquito-borne diseases, and understanding of mosquito ecology and breeding habitats.ResultsOne hundred twenty-six surveys were completed in Mobile, Alabama, revealing that 73% of participants reported being bitten by a mosquito in the last 30 days and mosquitoes were frequently seen in their homes. Ninety-four percent of respondents had heard of Zika Virus at the time of the survey, and respondents reported being least familiar with dengue virus and chikungunya virus.ConclusionsChikungunya virus, dengue virus, malaria, West Nile virus, and Zika virus have been documented in the Gulf Coast of the United States. The mosquitoes which vector all of these diseases are presently in the Gulf Coast meaning all five diseases pose a potential risk to human health. The results of this survey emphasize knowledge gaps that public health officials can address to empower the population to reduce their risk of these mosquito-borne diseases. Each species of mosquito has specific preferences for breeding and feeding and there is no one size fits all prevention approach, educating people on the need for a variety of approaches in order to address all species will further empower them to control mosquitoes where they live and further reduce their risk of disease.

Dataset Information

Mosquito-borne infectious disease, risk-perceptions, and personal protective behavior among U.S. international travelers.

Publications

Mosquito-borne infectious disease, risk-perceptions, and personal protective behavior among U.S. international travelers.

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